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However, tooth movement can also occur as a result of normal age changes. Because orthodontics is unable to predict which patients are at risk of relapse, those which will remain stable and the extent of relapse that will occur in the long\u2010term, clinicians need to treat all patients as if they have a high potential to relapse. To reduce this risk, long term retention is advocated. This can be a significant commitment for patients, and so retention and the potential for relapse must form a key part of the informed consent process prior to orthodontic treatment. It is vital that patients are made fully aware of their responsibilities in committing to wear retainers as prescribed in order to reduce the chance of relapse. If patients are unable or unwilling to comply as prescribed, they must be prepared to accept that there will be tooth positional changes following treatment. There is currently insufficient high quality evidence regarding the best type of retention or retention regimen, and so each clinician's approach will be affected by their personal, clinical experience and expertise, and guided by their patients\u2019 expectations and circumstances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T14:42:40Z","timestamp":1489502560000},"page":"51-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["Retention and relapse in clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"SJ","family":"Littlewood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St Luke's Hospital Little Horton Lane Bradford BD5 0NA United Kingdom"},{"name":"Leeds Dental Institute University of Leeds United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kandasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Western Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Advanced Dental Education Saint Louis University MO USA"},{"name":"West Australian Orthodontics Midland WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington Department of Orthodontics Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"639","article-title":"The crisis in orthodontia. 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