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Databases were explored electronically and relevant journals as well as the references of the included studies were hand\u2010searched for randomised clinical trials comparing the efficacy and safety of articaine with lidocaine in treatment of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IP<\/jats:styled-content>. Twenty studies were included, of which eight had low risk of bias, 10 had moderate risk of bias and two had high risk of bias. In comparison with 2% lidocaine with 1:100\u2009000 epinephrine, 4% articaine with 1:100\u2009000 epinephrine showed a higher success rate in anaesthesia of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IP<\/jats:styled-content>at either person (risk ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.15; 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.10 1.20;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) or tooth unit (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>1.10; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>1.10 1.19,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), lower<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content>scores during injection phase (mean difference (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content>) \u22120.67; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u22121.26 \u22120.08,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and treatment phase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content>\u22123.35; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u22123.78 \u22122.91,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), shorter onset time of pulpal anaesthesia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content>\u22120.94; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u22121.13 \u22120.74,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) and lower percentage of patients undergoing adverse events (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>0.17; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>0.03 0.92,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). Given the efficacy and safety of the two solutions, 4% articaine with 1:100\u2009000 epinephrine was superior to 2% lidocaine with 1:100\u2009000 epinephrine in dental treatments in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,11]],"date-time":"2016-04-11T01:52:44Z","timestamp":1460339564000},"page":"4-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Efficacy and safety of articaine versus lidocaine for irreversible pulpitis treatment: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Naichuan","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics West China College of 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