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The literature was searched using electronic databases up to year 2012. Seventeen studies with 1504 participants were included and each study compared experimental interventions with a standard treatment, i.e. the inferior alveolar nerve block. Changing the injection techniques or supplemental injection had no significant effect on pulp anaesthesia compared to the standard treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 1.00 or <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.14), whereas changing anaesthetic features and increasing anaesthetic volumes resulted in significantly higher rates of anaesthesia than those of the standard treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.007, respectively). Premedication with non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s) also significantly increased the success rate of anaesthesia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Taken together, increased anaesthetic volumes and premedication with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s provide predictable anaesthesia and more pain control during endodontic treatment of lower molars with irreversible pulpitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,24]],"date-time":"2017-07-24T07:18:45Z","timestamp":1500880725000},"page":"14-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Supplementary techniques for pain control during root canal treatment of lower posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Pinpana","family":"Tupyota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6520-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pattama","family":"Chailertvanitkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malinee","family":"Laopaiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Demography Faculty of Public Health Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chetta","family":"Ngamjarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Demography Faculty of Public Health Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5727-4211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul V.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suttichai","family":"Krisanaprakornkit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Center of Excellence in Oral and Maxillofacial Biology Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"MineaLRD SafaeiM KhanM DentM TjandraS.What is the best approach to achieve anesthesia of a hot tooth? 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