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Thirty radicular cysts collected during apicoectomies and stored in paraffin were retrospectively retrieved. Conservative endodontic treatments had been carried out either without (group (a) <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014), or with calcium hydroxide application (group (b), <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016) before obturation. All cysts were immunohistochemically stained for caspase\u20109 to record apoptosis of the epithelium. Statistical analysis followed. The frequency of caspase\u20109 immunoreactivity in the cystic epithelium in the two groups was 42.86% and 93.75% of cysts respectively. This difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In cysts larger than (or equal to) 10\u00a0mm, caspase\u20109 was more frequently expressed. It was found calcium hydroxide appears to enhance the expression of caspase\u20109, especially in large lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T09:33:40Z","timestamp":1547199220000},"page":"352-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament on the expression of caspase\u20109 located within the radicular cyst epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4860-8491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taxiarchis G.","family":"Kontogiannis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos I.","family":"Tosios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos P.","family":"Kerezoudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.03.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(72)90233-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2008.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.02.012"},{"volume-title":"Essential cell biology","year":"2003","author":"Alberts B","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(98)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2005.00971.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00248.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Expressions of bax, bcl\u20102 and Ki\u201067 in odontogenic keratocysts (Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor) in comparison with ameloblastomas and radicular cysts","volume":"28","author":"Soluk Tekkesin M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Turk Patoloji Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.1991.tb00117.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1996.tb00518.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2004.00809.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2312"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.2012.0070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"BergenholtzG AxelssonS DavidsonTet\u00a0al.Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment in Endodontics\u2010 a systematic review. 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