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A total of 60 participants were randomly divided into two groups: the conventional irrigation (control) and the Nd: YAG laser irradiation. The interstitial fluids were obtained after root canal cleaning (day 0) and 1\u2009week later (day 7). The TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels were assayed using the enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. The Mann\u2013Whitney U, continuity correction chi\u2010square, Pearson chi\u2010square and Fisher exact tests were used. An increased level of cytokines on day 7 in the control group was observed, without statistically significant differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). All cytokine levels decreased over time in the laser group. Only the IL\u20101\u03b2 level showed a significant difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Nd: YAG irradiation has a positive effect on decreasing the proinflammatory cytokine level and may help to control infection in teeth with AP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T09:06:39Z","timestamp":1695632799000},"page":"657-664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of Nd: YAG laser on tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha, interleukin\u20101beta and interferon\u2010gamma levels in teeth with apical periodontitis: A clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Sevda Durust","family":"Baris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Kirikkale University  Kirikkale Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0641-0062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Turkyilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Kirikkale University  Kirikkale Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Kursat","family":"Derici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine University of Health Science  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Endodontic periapical lesion: an overview on the etiology, diagnosis and current treatment modalities","volume":"5","author":"Karamifar K","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Endod J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.908859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2017-0455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03448-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2017.4430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticle in combination with Nd\u2010YAG laser against enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro study","volume":"21","author":"Ambalavanan N","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"e70","article-title":"Effectiveness of Nd:YAG laser on the elimination of debris and smear layer. 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