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To gain new insights into the anatomy of the crocodilian infrapubic abdominal wall, we dissected a specimen of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>rocodylus niloticus<\/jats:italic>. Origin and insertion of the muscles, as well as their arrangement relative to each other was examined in great detail. The findings were compared with those of other crocodilian taxa to detect potential variability of the muscles of interest. The homology of the muscles was studied by comparing the muscles of the crocodilian infrapubic abdominal wall with those of other diapsids. In <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>rocodylus niloticus<\/jats:italic>, the infrapubic abdominal wall consists of four muscles: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>usculus truncocaudalis, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. ischiotruncus, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>m. rectus abdominis externus and internus. The arrangement of the muscles of the infrapubic abdominal wall of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>rocodylus niloticus<\/jats:italic> is consistent with that found in most other crocodilian taxa. In some crocodilian taxa, an additional muscle, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. ischiopubis, is found. In the remaining diapsids, only <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. rectus abdominis is present. The crocodilian <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. truncocaudalis, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. ischiotruncus and, if present, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. ischiopubis appear to be derivates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>. rectus abdominis; the development of those might be related to the evolution of the unique crocodilian ventilatory mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,22]],"date-time":"2012-08-22T05:55:16Z","timestamp":1345614916000},"page":"175-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Muscles of the Infrapubic Abdominal Wall of a 6\u2010month\u2010old <i><scp>C<\/scp>rocodylus niloticus<\/i> (<scp>R<\/scp>eptilia: <scp>C<\/scp>rocodylia)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Fechner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Maschinenbau Ruhr\u2010Universit\u00e4t Bochum Universit\u00e4tstra\u00dfe 150 44801 Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Schwarz\u2010Wings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Evolutions\u2010 und Biodiversit\u00e4tsforschung an der Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin Invalidenstra\u00dfe 43 10115 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10894"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1430","article-title":"New perspectives on the evolution of lung ventilation mechanisms in vertebrates","volume":"4","author":"Brainerd E.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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