{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T01:26:30Z","timestamp":1777253190411,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to measure changes in epithelial thickness in the lingual mucosa of golden hamsters submitted to the topical application of distilled alcoholic beverages. Forty golden hamsters were randomly divided into: Group 1\u2014cacha\u00e7a 48\u00b0 GL and Group 2\u2014whisky 40\u00b0 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GL<\/jats:styled-content>. Alcohol was applied to the right side of the tongue, the left side served as control. Seventy microscopic fields were evaluated. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon test and the Mann\u2013Whitney U test (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In Group 1, there was a significant difference in mean total epithelial thickness between the test side and control side (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.044), with significant reductions in the thickness of the epithelial and corneal layers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.021, respectively). At 13\u00a0weeks, statistically significant reductions were found in the thickness of both the corneal and epithelial layers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.032 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0001, respectively). At 20\u00a0weeks, a statistically significant reduction was found in only the epithelial layer (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). In the whisky group, significant increases were found in the thickness of the corneal and epithelial layers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012, respectively) at 13\u00a0weeks. Cacha\u00e7a 48\u00b0 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GL<\/jats:styled-content> promoted epithelial atrophy, whereas whisky 40\u00b0 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GL<\/jats:styled-content> promoted epithelial hyperplasia. Based on the present findings, different types of distilled alcoholic beverages cause different morphometric and morphological changes in the lingual mucosa. Cacha\u00e7a caused epithelial atrophy, which may facilitate the penetration of carcinogenic agents, whereas whisky caused epithelial hyperplasia, especially in the basal layer, which suggests the onset of the development of premalignant lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,27]],"date-time":"2018-06-27T03:20:07Z","timestamp":1530069607000},"page":"428-434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Computer\u2010assisted analysis of tongue thickness of golden hamster (<i>Mesocricetus auratus<\/i>) following topical chronic exposure to distilled alcoholic beverages"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1929-7417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela N.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys  Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra A.","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Para\u00edba State University  Araruna Para\u00edba Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flaviana D.","family":"Verli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys  Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhelfeson W.","family":"Douglas\u2010de\u2010Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys  Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Terezinha","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys  Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1dia L.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys  Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2011.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Alcohol, smoking and oral cancer. 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