{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T08:24:25Z","timestamp":1760171065615,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]],"date-time":"2018-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of formaldehyde\u2010based fixation on dimension, weight and shape of cardiac tissue during a 1\u2010year observation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven measuring sites were permanently marked in 40 swine hearts prior to fixation. Four study groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010 each) were assembled that differed only in concentration and the type of fixative. The fixatives were 2%, 4% or 10% formaldehyde phosphate\u2010buffered solution (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPBS<\/jats:styled-content>) and alcoholic formalin. The samples were measured before fixation and then after fixation at 1\u00a0week, 3, 6 and 12\u00a0months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the 3\u2010month point, the 10% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPBS<\/jats:styled-content> had caused significant changes in the smallest number of parameters, while the 2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPBS<\/jats:styled-content> affected the greatest number of dimensions. The most significant changes included chordae tendineae shrinkage and an increase in muscle thickness. After 6\u00a0months, the most significant changes were observed in 2% and 4% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPBS<\/jats:styled-content>s and were also mainly associated with an increase in muscle thickness and chordae tendineae shrinkage. 1\u2010year preservation compared to the baseline showed the most significant changes in muscle tissue thickness and hearth weight. The artery diameter decreased in long\u2010term fixation in every tested solution. For atrial and angle measurements, 4% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPBS<\/jats:styled-content> caused most significant changes among investigated fixatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all tested solutions, long\u2010term fixation significantly changed cardiac tissue dimension compared to the nonpreserved samples. Short\u2010term to 1\u2010year fixation changes are smaller, but they should not be neglected. Different fixatives should be used depending on the character of the planned measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T00:39:28Z","timestamp":1532997568000},"page":"501-509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The influence of fixation on the cardiac tissue in a 1\u2010year observation of swine hearts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz K.","family":"Ho\u0142da","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HEART\u2014Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team Department of Anatomy Jagiellonian University Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Ho\u0142da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEART\u2014Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team Department of Anatomy Jagiellonian University Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mateusz","family":"Koziej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEART\u2014Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team Department of Anatomy Jagiellonian University Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Tyrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEART\u2014Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team Department of Anatomy Jagiellonian University Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wies\u0142awa","family":"Klimek\u2010Piotrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEART\u2014Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team Department of Anatomy Jagiellonian University Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.11.017"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.5603\/KP.a2018.0001","article-title":"Clinical anatomy of human heart atria and interatrial septum \u2010 anatomical basis for interventional cardiologists and electrocardiologists. 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