{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:43:25Z","timestamp":1787013805684,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to evaluate normal features of the heart and lower respiratory tract in toco toucans by means of radiography and helical computed tomography (CT) scanner. Fifteen healthy adult toco toucans (\n                    <jats:italic>Ramphastos toco<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), 10 females and 5 males, average body mass of 650\u00a0g were studied. CT examination as well as right lateral and ventrodorsal radiographic examinations of the coelomic cavity were performed under chemical restraint. Heart, lungs, air sacs, trachea and syrinx were analysed. The mean values of heart length, heart width and thoracic cavity in radiographs were, respectively, 23.76\u00a0mm, 25.94\u00a0mm and 48.87\u00a0mm. In both X\u2010rays and CT scans, the lung parenchyma had honeycomb\u2010like pattern. The topographic areas of the anterior and posterior air sacs were visualized as dark and air\u2010filled spaces in X\u2010rays. On CT evaluation, the air sacs occupied a larger area in the coelomic cavity compared to X\u2010ray. In the lateral radiographic view, the cervical part of the trachea was positioned more ventrally in the transition from cervical to thoracic regions showing a V\u2010shaped appearance. In all CT planes was visible division of the trachea into the right and left main bronchi at the level of 3rd thoracic vertebra. The syrinx was difficult to visualize in X\u2010rays, but on CT it was easily identified in axial slice. In conclusion, the normal features of toco toucan's heart and lower respiratory tract that were determined on X\u2010rays and CT scans are useful to compare with sick toco toucans, as well as other bird species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T02:51:58Z","timestamp":1586314318000},"page":"541-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Radiography and computed tomography of the heart and lower respiratory tract in toco toucans (\n                    <i>Ramphastos toco<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2852-6288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeana Pereira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila Canevese","family":"Rahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina Reis","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael Augusto","family":"Baldissera Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuta Pulz","family":"Doiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneke","family":"Moresco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Welfare and Research Department Denver Zoo Denver CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jaqueline","family":"Mamprim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Carlos","family":"Vulcano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"487","article-title":"The comparative anatomy of the respiratory pathways in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus), pigeon (Columba livia) and domestic duck (Anas platyrhyncha)","volume":"94","author":"Akester A. 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