{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:35:29Z","timestamp":1747182929638,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]],"date-time":"2021-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline data for wall thickness in healthy toucans can be used to diagnose disease in sick individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the use of ultrasonography for the examination of the gastrointestinal tract of healthy toco toucans (<jats:italic>Ramphastos toco<\/jats:italic>). Ten non\u2010anaesthetized healthy adult toco toucans were evaluated. Food was withheld for 3\u00a0h prior to the ultrasound examination. Longitudinal and transverse images of the gastrointestinal tract were obtained using ventromedian cranial and ventromedian caudal approaches to evaluate the morphology and stratification. The wall thickness of the sections was measured: proventriculus and ventriculus, duodenum, jejunum\/ileum, and cloaca. Additionally, the thickness of the mucosal layer of the duodenum and jejunum\/ileum was also measured. Subsequently, the ratios of the duodenal wall thickness to the duodenal mucosa layer and the total wall thickness of the jejunum\/ileum to the jejunum\/ileum layer mucosa were stablished. The wall thickness of the proventriculus was significantly higher than the wall thickness of ventriculus. The wall thickness of the duodenum was significantly higher than the wall thickness of jejunum\/ileum. The mean ratios of the duodenal wall thickness to the duodenal mucosa layer and the wall thickness of the jejunum\/ileum to the jejunum\/ileum layer were 83.15% and 80.07%, respectively. In conclusion, it was possible to assess the stomach and intestines using ultrasound examination in healthy toco toucans, due to their medium body size and no interference by surrounding air sacs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]],"date-time":"2021-09-17T11:33:40Z","timestamp":1631878420000},"page":"940-946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrasonography of the gastrointestinal tract of toco toucans (<i>Ramphastos toco<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2852-6288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeana Pereira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9211-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila Canevese","family":"Rahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina Reis","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luna Scarpari","family":"Rolim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wh\u00edtara Ferreira","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0837-9612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Cesar","family":"Schimming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Anatomy Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu Unesp Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1525-1166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anneke","family":"Moresco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Health Surveillance Program Morrison Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2238-5584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jaqueline","family":"Mamprim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22256\/pubvet.v6n14.1347"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17415349.2016.1186424"},{"volume-title":"Ramphastos toco (amended version of 2016 assessment). 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