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The histological study was designed to provide the morphological differences of CB and iris in the anterior eye chambers of the following vertebrate classes: fish (grass carp), amphibians (\n                    <jats:italic>Arabian toad<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), reptiles (semiaquatic turtle, fan\u2010footed gecko, ocellated skink, Egyptian spiny\u2010tailed lizard, Arabian horned viper), birds (common pigeon, common quail, common kestrel), and mammals (BALB\/c mouse, rabbit, golden hamster, desert hedgehog, lesser Egyptian jerboa, Egyptian fruit bat). The results showed distinct morphological appearances of the CB and iris in each species, ranging from fish to mammals. The present comparative study concluded that the morphological structure of the CB and iris is the adaptation of species to either their lifestyle or survival in specific habitats.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.13052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T11:54:33Z","timestamp":1715514873000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RETRACTED: Comparative study of the ciliary body and iris morphology in the anterior eye chamber of five different vertebrate classes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4633-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amin A.","family":"Seleem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Science Taibah University  Al Madinah Almunawwarah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Sohag University  Sohag Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amira H.","family":"Badr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Sohag University  Sohag Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23530"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.2473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9775\/kvfd.2015.13060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Morphological aspect of tapetum lucidum at some domestic animals","volume":"65","author":"Alina D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2021.0853"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012\u20101606(82)90152\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012\u20101606(82)90153\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2016.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Conquering the cold shudder: The origin and evolution of snake eyes","author":"Caprette C. 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