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However, there is limited evidence from patient samples regarding the critical role of CSCs in treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, through the analysis of single\u2010cell transcriptomic data of HCC patient samples, we identify a rare population of cells with cancer stem\u2010like features. Next, we constructed a 12\u2010gene signature that accurately predicts patient survival. Furthermore, based on the expression levels of the 12\u2010gene signature of CSCs, a CAncer stem\u2010like cell Risk Score (CARS) is computed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results show that patients with a higher CARS exhibit increased resistance to sorafenib but greater sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The identification of CSCs in the single\u2010cell transcriptome also provides a unique opportunity to study the microenvironmental characteristics of CSCs in HCC. HCC samples with higher CARS show a substantial infiltration of B cells, and the glycoprotein signaling of GRN and PSAP is specifically associated with the crosstalk between B cells and CSCs, rather than other tumor cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings develop CARS of potential prognostic and predictive value in HCC management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ahg.70032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:10:56Z","timestamp":1768468256000},"page":"176-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction of a Prognostic and Diagnostic Gene Signature Based on the Characteristics of Cancer Stem\u2010Like Cells for the Treatment Guidance of Hepatocellular 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