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Evidence suggests that tobacco use contributes to an increased likelihood of becoming cannabis dependent and similarly cannabis use promotes transition to more intensive tobacco use. Further, tobacco use threatens cannabis cessation attempts leading to increased and accelerated relapse rates among cigarette smokers. Given that treatment outcomes are far from satisfactory among individuals engaged in both tobacco and cannabis use highlights the need for further exploration of this highly prevalent co\u2010morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therefore, this review will elucidate putative neurobiological mechanisms responsible for facilitating the link between co\u2010morbid tobacco and cannabis use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an extensive literature search identifying published studies that examined co\u2010morbid tobacco and cannabis use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence of both synergistic and compensatory effects of co\u2010morbid tobacco and cannabis use have been identified. Following, co\u2010morbid use of these substances will be discussed within the context of two popular theories of addiction: the addiction vulnerability hypothesis and the gateway hypothesis. Lastly, common route of administration is proposed as a facilitator for co\u2010morbid use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Scientific Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While, only a paucity of treatment studies addressing co\u2010morbid tobacco and cannabis use have been conducted, emerging evidence suggests that simultaneously quitting both tobacco and cannabis may yield benefits at both the psychological and neurobiological level. More research is needed to confirm this intervention strategy and future studies should consider employing prospective systematic designs. 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