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We therefore sought to examine the prevalence and correlates of seeking POs from a physician for nonmedical use among PWID in Vancouver, Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional data from two open prospective cohort studies of PWID in Vancouver were collected between June 2013 and May 2014 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091252). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with seeking POs from physicians for nonmedical use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1252 participants, 458 individuals (36.6%) reported ever trying to get a PO prescription from a physician for nonmedical use and, of these, 343 (74.9%, comprising 27.4% of the total sample) reported ever being successful. Variables independently and positively associated with PO\u2010seeking behavior included older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2009=\u20091.02), Caucasian ethnicity (AOR\u2009=\u20091.38), having ever overdosed (AOR\u2009=\u20091.32), having ever participated in methadone maintenance therapy (AOR\u2009=\u20091.90), having ever dealt drugs (AOR\u2009=\u20091.65), and having ever been refused a prescription for pain medication (AOR\u2009=\u20092.02) (all <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed that PO\u2010seeking behavior was common among this sample of PWID and associated with several markers of higher intensity drug use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings highlight the need to identify evidence\u2010based public health and clinical strategies to mitigate PO misuse among PWID without compromising care for PWID with legitimate medical concerns. 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