{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:07:15Z","timestamp":1789132035571,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA027138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA027138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioid use disorder among young adults is rising sharply with an increase in morbidity and mortality. This study examined differences in treatment response to a fixed dose of buprenorphine\u2010naloxone between heroin (HU) and prescriptions opioids (POU) users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty opioid dependent young adults (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922 years) were treated with buprenorphine\u2010naloxone 16\u20134\u2009mg\/day for 8 weeks. Differences between HU (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917) and POU (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200963) on changes in weekly opioid use, opioid craving, withdrawal, and depression symptoms were analyzed with mixed\u2010effects regression models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HU had an overall mean proportion of weekly opioid use of .32 (SD\u2009=\u2009.14) compared to POU's weekly mean of .24 (SD\u2009=\u2009.15) showing a significant main effect (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.21, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02). Depressive symptoms (CES\u2010D scores) were elevated at baseline for both groups (HU: <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923.1, SD\u2009=\u200911.9; PO: <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922.2, SD\u2009=\u20099.4), but only POU improved significantly to a score of 9.88 (SD\u2009=\u20097.4) compared to HU's score of 18.58 (SD\u2009=\u200910.3) at week 8 (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.24, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02). There were no significant differences in treatment retention, craving, or withdrawal symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment response to 16\u20104\u2009mg\/day of buprenorphine\u2013naloxone was significantly diminished for heroin users relative to opioid prescription users in weekly opioid use. Heroin users also had persistent depressive symptoms suggesting the need for close monitoring.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that young heroin users might require higher doses of buprenorphine. (Am J Addict 2017;26:838\u2013844)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T08:56:39Z","timestamp":1510822599000},"page":"838-844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Buprenorphine\u2010naloxone treatment responses differ between young adults with heroin and prescription opioid use disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Romero\u2010Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Addiction Psychiatry University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts"},{"name":"MAYU of New England New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abtin","family":"Shahanaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Addiction Psychiatry University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Boston University Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"DiGirolamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Addiction Psychiatry University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts"},{"name":"College of the Holy Cross Worcester Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4285-742X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Addiction Psychiatry University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts"},{"name":"MAYU of New England New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System Leeds Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.5413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw157"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12551"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1508490"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Demographic Subgroup Trends Among Young Adults in the Use of Various Licit and Illicit Drugs 1989\u20102013 (Monitoring the Future Occasional Paper 80)","author":"Johnston LD","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"SAMHSA. 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