{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:43:24Z","timestamp":1787013804317,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50\u2010DA09241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50\u2010DA09241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Concurrent use of cocaine and opioids is a persistent and challenging problem, particularly within methadone maintenance settings, and there are no approved pharmacotherapies for this population. Galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, was found in a randomized clinical trial to reduce cocaine use among methadone\u2010maintained individuals who were also cocaine dependent. Because of the potential of galantamine to reduce multiple drugs of abuse, it may also reduce opioid use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial of 120 methadone\u2010maintained individuals with concurrent cocaine dependence. Participants were randomized to galantamine or placebo in a 12\u2010week trial with a 6\u2010month follow\u2010up (97% of intention to treat sample reached for final follow\u2010up).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant main effect for galantamine over placebo on percent of urine specimens that were negative for opioids, both within treatment (77% for galantamine vs 62% for placebo,\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095.0,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.027) and through a 6\u2010month follow\u2010up (81% vs 59%, respectively,\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910.8,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). This effect was seen regardless of whether participants used nonprescribed opioids during the baseline period. Galantamine effects were seen early in treatment, with participants in placebo submitting the first opioid\u2010positive urine specimen significantly sooner than participants in galantamine (median day 15 vs 53, Wilcoxon\u2009=\u20095.7,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Scientific Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>If these results are supported in future trials, galantamine may hold promise across multiple drugs of abuse, including opioids. (Am J Addict 2019;28:238\u2013245)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T01:01:23Z","timestamp":1559696483000},"page":"238-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Double\u2010Blind Placebo\u2010Controlled Trial of Galantamine for Methadone\u2010Maintained Individuals With Cocaine Use Disorder: Secondary Analysis of Effects on Illicit Opioid Use"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3263-3374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Division on Addiction Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise 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