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We assessed whether prior cocaine exposure alters operant responding for food across various phases (acquisition, maintenance, extinction, spontaneous recovery, reinitiation) in these strains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lewis and F344 rats (N\u2009=\u200912) were administered three cocaine (15\u2009mg\/kg) or saline injections at hourly intervals for 3 consecutive days. Beginning the next day for 24 days, rats had access to operant chambers in which one lever depression resulted in the delivery of a food pellet. Then, four extinction sessions were conducted in which food was no longer available, but other stimulus conditions remained the same. After a 2\u2010day break, spontaneous recovery was assessed over four sessions. Food delivery was then restored for 3 days to test reinitiation followed by a progressive ratio session.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lewis rats acquired the operant faster than F344 rats. F344 rats showed lower maintenance rates than Lewis rats but higher spontaneous recovery responding. Cocaine exposure caused persistence of responding during extinction in F344 but not Lewis rats. All groups reinitiated responding when food was available again and did not differ in final ratios completed under the progressive ratio schedule.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>That prior cocaine exposure led to persistence of responding in F344 rats during extinction may reflect heightened contextual conditioning that interferes with the ability to extinguish responding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results have implications for the genetic contribution to relapse\u2010like behaviors. (Am J Addict 2021;00:00\u201300)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T08:19:15Z","timestamp":1617351555000},"page":"358-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Persistence of Operant Responding for Food After Prior Cocaine Exposure in Fischer 344 But Not Lewis Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Shadab","family":"Forouzan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6932-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Therese 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