{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T13:25:07Z","timestamp":1767965107476,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Little is known about whether people in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment are at risk for multiple\u2010tobacco use. We examined the factors associated with dual\u2010 and polytobacco use among clients in SUD treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted in 2019 among 562 clients (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200939, 74% male) in 20 residential SUD treatment programs in California, USA. The outcomes included single\u2010, dual\u2010 (use of two products), and polytobacco use (use of three of more products). Independent variables were nicotine dependence, quitting\u2010related factors, blunt\/spliff use, and health\u2010related factors. A multinomial model examined associations between the independent variables and the outcome, controlling for demographics, and time in treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 32.6%, 18.9%, and 14.0% of the sample were single\u2010, dual\u2010, and polytobacco users, respectively. Factors associated with increased odds of polytobacco use included greater nicotine dependence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2009=\u20091.60; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.19, 2.16), ever using e\u2010cigarettes for quitting (AOR\u2009=\u20094.56; 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.23, 9.34), and past 30\u2010day use of blunt\/spliff (AOR\u2009=\u20092.96; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.48, 5.89). Factors associated with increased odds of dual use were ever using e\u2010cigarettes for quitting (AOR\u2009=\u20093.19; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.79, 5.66) and reporting more mentally unhealthy days (AOR\u2009=\u20091.05; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.02, 1.07).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study extends the literature on tobacco use among people in SUD treatment by revealing the high prevalence of dual\u2010 and polytobacco use and the unique characteristics of users. The findings have implications for interventions reducing all types of tobacco use in this understudied population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T01:30:06Z","timestamp":1629768606000},"page":"496-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Factors associated with dual\u00a0and polytobacco use among people in residential substance use disorder treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8661-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nhung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Division of General Internal Medicine University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwinoja","family":"Kapiteni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elana R.","family":"Straus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2115-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Guydish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philip R. 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