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Two groups were identified: those with illegal behaviors linked to gambling disorder and those without. Differences between the groups were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>43.3% of people with gambling disorders reported gambling\u2010related illegal behaviors. Illegal behaviors were associated with earlier gambling symptom onset, higher levels of depressive symptoms, worse quality of life, and higher non\u2010planning impulsivity. In those with illegal behaviors, the most common activities reported were writing bad checks\/paying bills from accounts that no longer had funds (75.1%), and theft (9.6%). People with illegal gambling\u2010related behaviors did not differ from those without, in terms of levels of symptom severity, or likelihood of responding to treatment in the subsequent clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Illegal behaviors are commonplace in people with gambling disorders and linked to worse quality of life, but people with gambling\u2010related illegal behaviors respond to core treatments to the same extent as people without these behaviors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings from this study extend previous research and support the novel notion that rather than more intensive treatment being indicated for gambling disorders linked to illegal activities, it may be prudent to consider illegal behaviors as part of a wider profile of gambling\u2010related harms that merit interventions in their own right.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T07:53:40Z","timestamp":1668758020000},"page":"40-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Illegal behaviors as a consequence of gambling disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7784-7021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon E.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Neuroscience University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel R.","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton  Southampton UK"},{"name":"Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust  Southampton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.5th ed.Arlington VA;2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30229-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"294","article-title":"Clinical features and treatment prognosis of pathological gamblers with and without recent gambling\u2010related illegal behavior","volume":"35","author":"Ledgerwood DM","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023015028901"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1979.11024008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-016-9612-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n1207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-018-9794-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X17740557"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"389","article-title":"Illegal behaviors in problem gambling: analysis of data from a gambling helpline","volume":"28","author":"Potenza MN","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-019-00192-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"In Gambling Disorder: A Clinical Guide to Treatment","author":"Grant JE","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV\u2010Patient Edition (SCID\u2010I\/P, Version 2.0)","author":"First MB","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2004.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"GrantJE.\u00a0Impulse Control Disorders: A Clinician's Guide to Understanding and Treating Behavioral Addictions. 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