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Further, cannabis use is associated with worse combustible smoking\u2010related outcomes, yet little research has identified mechanisms underlying such relations. It may be that negative\u2010affect\u2010related transdiagnostic factors such as emotion dysregulation, anxiety sensitivity, and\/or distress intolerance play a mechanistic role in the cannabis\u2013tobacco interrelations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study tested this hypothesis among 400 adults who endorsed dual use, 33% of whom endorsed current (past 3 months) cannabis use. We conducted analyses of variance and indirect effects model using the PROCESS v4.1 macro in SPSS version 29.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results indicated that participants who use cannabis reported greater difficulty with emotion regulation, anxiety sensitivity, and cigarette dependence severity. Cannabis use was related to cigarette dependence severity indirectly via difficulty with emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results indicate that specific transdiagnostic negative\u2010affect\u2010related factors of difficulty with emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity are associated with cannabis use among adults who smoke combustible and electronic cigarettes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Given that these transdiagnostic factors are malleable, these findings suggest targeting and engaging such mechanisms may offer novel behavioral change strategies for this high\u2010risk population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T03:44:30Z","timestamp":1720755870000},"page":"685-690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Understanding the role of cannabis use on cigarette dependence severity among individuals with e\u2010cigarette and combustible tobacco dual use"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9277-9300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia D.","family":"Buckner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4173-2374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke A.","family":"Vargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology 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