{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T03:26:25Z","timestamp":1775705185177,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 007477"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 007477"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007217","name":"Health Services Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RCS 19\u2010333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCS 19\u2010333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cannabis use is increasing in the United States, and, on average, those consuming medical cannabis report more frequent cannabis use than those who use recreationally. The present analyses focus on the prevalence and correlates of working under the influence of cannabis (WUIC) amongst individuals with chronic pain who use cannabis medically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults were recruited from medical cannabis certification clinics in Michigan and individuals who were employed in the past 6 months were included in the analytic sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009362). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions were estimated to examine factors associated with WUIC. Descriptive analyses examined WUIC by types of employment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>WUIC was reported by 34% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009123) of employed medical cannabis patients. After adjusting for other factors, older age and having episodes of 6+ drinks were significantly associated with lower odds of WUIC. History of driving under the influence of cannabis, reporting three+ hours high on cannabis per day, and using 0.5\u2009oz+ of cannabis per week were all significantly associated with higher odds of WUIC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amongst individuals who use cannabis for pain and are in the workforce, WUIC is relatively common. This may be particularly concerning in jobs that are safety\u2010sensitive. Prevention efforts for WUIC might focus on those who use cannabis several times per day and might consider how to balance the needs for pain management with workplace\u2010related roles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study extends knowledge around the prevalence and characteristics of individuals using medical cannabis who engage in WUIC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.70028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T11:13:42Z","timestamp":1741950822000},"page":"415-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Working under the influence of cannabis amongst medical cannabis patients with chronic pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4183-6616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addiction Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devin C.","family":"Tomlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addiction Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kipling M.","family":"Bohnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Bonar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addiction Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research &amp; Education, Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara N.","family":"Coughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addiction Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research &amp; Education, Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Ilgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addiction Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System Center for Clinical Management Research Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Cannabis and work: implications impairment and the need for further research. 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