{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T08:02:29Z","timestamp":1789545749273,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) complicates care, yet reported prevalence varies widely across settings and methods. We estimated AUD prevalence among adults with PTSD and identified sources of variability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, the Virtual Health Library, and SciELO through June 2025, without language restrictions. All included studies were published in English. Observational studies reporting current or lifetime AUD in adults with PTSD were included (20 studies; 185,432 participants). Two reviewers independently appraised quality. Multilevel random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis, trim\u2010and\u2010fill, sensitivity analyses, and meta\u2010regressions were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After excluding studies that relied solely on screening instruments, current AUD studies were insufficient for meta\u2010analysis (\n                      <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093); results are restricted to lifetime prevalence. Pooled lifetime AUD prevalence was 35.58% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.48%\u201348.48%), with high heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200999.37%). Trim\u2010and\u2010fill identified no missing studies. Meta\u2010regression indicated that clinical sample source (vs\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      community), inpatient care setting (vs\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      outpatient), and veteran status (vs\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      non\u2010veteran) were associated with higher lifetime AUD prevalence; a higher proportion of female participants was associated with lower prevalence, and a current versus lifetime PTSD assessment with higher prevalence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review identifies sample characteristics that moderate AUD burden within PTSD populations: clinical settings, inpatient care, and veteran status predict higher prevalence, whereas greater female representation predicts lower rates. These findings support population\u2010specific screening and integrated, trauma\u2010informed care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Scientific Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first meta\u2010analysis quantifying clinical and demographic moderators of AUD in PTSD samples, informing risk\u2010stratified screening and population\u2010tailored treatment allocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.70200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:08:06Z","timestamp":1789542486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How common is alcohol use disorder in posttraumatic stress disorder? A systematic review, meta\u2010analysis, and moderator analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1336-093X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Olivia","family":"Pozzolo Pedro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Institute of Psychiatry University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1345-5197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoela","family":"Pozzolo Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella Zimmer","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Hospital Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valqu\u00edria Custodio","family":"Klaumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretary of Health of Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7684-0554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila Dib","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3059-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia S.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9621-2291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Maur\u00edcio","family":"Castaldelli\u2010Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Institute of Psychiatry University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Perdizes Institute (IPER) University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-0997-0","article-title":"Global burden of disease and the impact of mental and addictive disorders","volume":"21","author":"Rehm J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1353383","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"8","author":"Kessler RC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-016-1208-5","article-title":"The epidemiology of DSM\u20105 posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions\u2010III","volume":"51","author":"Goldstein RB","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-006303","article-title":"Global burden of post\u2010traumatic stress disorder and major depression in countries affected by war between 1989 and 2019: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"6","author":"Hoppen TH","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2018","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2161","article-title":"Prevalence of 12\u2010month alcohol use, high\u2010risk drinking, and DSM\u2010IV alcohol use disorder in the United States, 2001\u20102002 to 2012\u20102013: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions","volume":"74","author":"Grant BF","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v40.2.01","article-title":"Gender differences in the epidemiology of alcohol use and related harms in the United States","volume":"40","author":"White AM","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Curr Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1037\/10460-002","volume-title":"Trauma and Substance Abuse: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment of Comorbid Disorders","author":"Stewart SH","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.10.009","article-title":"Suicide risk in people with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder: a cohort study of 3.1 million people in Sweden","volume":"279","author":"Fox V","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3109\/10673229709030550","article-title":"The self\u2010medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications","volume":"4","author":"Khantzian EJ","year":"1997","journal-title":"Harvard Rev Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.1.33","article-title":"Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement","volume":"111","author":"Baker TB","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI33946","article-title":"Making a bad thing worse: adverse effects of stress on drug addiction","volume":"118","author":"Cleck JN","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109430","article-title":"Alcohol use and alcohol use disorder differ in their genetic relationships with PTSD: a genomic structural equation modelling approach","volume":"234","author":"Bountress KE","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-014-0855-7","article-title":"A systematic review of the comorbidity between PTSD and alcohol misuse","volume":"49","author":"Debell F","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.3.369","article-title":"Chronic PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans: course of illness and substance abuse","volume":"153","author":"Bremner JD","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0803","article-title":"Course of posttraumatic stress disorder 40 years after the Vietnam War: findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Longitudinal Study","volume":"72","author":"Marmar CR","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-024-08803-w","article-title":"Co\u2010occurring chronic pain and PTSD among US military veterans: prevalence, correlates, and functioning","volume":"39","author":"Reed DE","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199308000-00001","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity and treatment seeking. Sources of selection bias in the study of clinical populations","volume":"181","author":"Du Fort GG","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.12.1740","article-title":"Comorbidity and course of psychiatric disorders in a community sample of former prisoners of war","volume":"155","author":"Engdahl B","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2011.3113","article-title":"Gender differences in health service utilization among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"21","author":"Maguen S","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Women's Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-022-04317-z","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with post traumatic stress disorder among field police patrol officers serving in Kampala Metropolitan region","volume":"22","author":"Isabirye RA","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","article-title":"Exposure to traumatic events, prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse in Aboriginal communities","volume":"12","author":"Nadew GT","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004287","article-title":"Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder: findings from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well\u2010being","volume":"31","author":"Creamer M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"847","article-title":"Comorbidity and treatment outcome of inpatients with chronic combat\u2010related PTSD","volume":"42","author":"Boudewyns PA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/154.8.399","article-title":"Concurrent psychiatric illness in inpatients with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder","volume":"154","author":"Hryvniak MR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000596","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder among older adults: a differential item functioning analysis of PTSD in ICD\u201011 and DSM\u20105","volume":"12","author":"Fox R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma Theory Res Pract Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.06.034","article-title":"Childhood adversities as specific contributors to the co\u2010occurrence of posttraumatic stress and alcohol use disorders","volume":"228","author":"M\u00fcller M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2010.11.010","article-title":"Prevalence and axis I comorbidity of full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: results from wave 2 of the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions","volume":"25","author":"Pietrzak RH","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.06.022","article-title":"The association between post\u2010traumatic stress disorder and lifetime DSM\u20105 psychiatric disorders among veterans: data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions\u2010III (NESARC\u2010III)","volume":"82","author":"Smith SM","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830130087016","article-title":"Psychiatric sequelae of posttraumatic stress disorder in women","volume":"54","author":"Breslau N","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13322","article-title":"Association between lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder and past year alcohol use disorder among American Indians\/Alaska Natives and non\u2010Hispanic whites","volume":"41","author":"Emerson MA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.097","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury: sex differences in veterans","volume":"274","author":"Epstein EL","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.012","article-title":"Gender differences in substance abuse, PTSD and intentional self\u2010harm among veterans health administration patients","volume":"171","author":"Gradus JL","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30031-8","article-title":"The epidemiology of trauma and post\u2010traumatic stress disorder in a representative cohort of young people in England and Wales","volume":"6","author":"Lewis SJ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Frequency of symptoms and concurrent psychiatric disorder in Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD","volume":"42","author":"Roszell DK","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hosp Commun Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.016","article-title":"Comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder with alcohol dependence among US adults: results from National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions","volume":"132","author":"Blanco C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.07.046","article-title":"Disentangling the association between PTSD symptom heterogeneity and alcohol use disorder: results from the 2019\u20102020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study","volume":"142","author":"Palmisano AN","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.6.663","article-title":"Alcohol use and alcohol\u2010related problems before and after military combat deployment","volume":"300","author":"Jacobson IG","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040603","article-title":"Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care","volume":"351","author":"Hoge CW","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-023-02472-6","article-title":"Predictors of alcohol and substance use among people with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): findings from the NESARC\u2010III study","volume":"58","author":"Dell'Aquila A","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.2165\/11539710-000000000-00000","article-title":"Epidemiology and management of alcohol dependence in individuals with post\u2010traumatic stress disorder","volume":"24","author":"McCarthy E","year":"2010","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.23013","article-title":"A clinician's guide to the 2023 VA\/DoD clinical practice guideline for management of posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder","volume":"37","author":"Lang AJ","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000286","article-title":"Concurrent treatment of PTSD and substance use disorders using prolonged exposure (COPE): a pilot study in alcohol\u2010dependent women","volume":"11","author":"Persson A","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","volume-title":"Seeking Safety: A Treatment Manual for PTSD and Substance Abuse","author":"Najavits LM","year":"2002"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276111","article-title":"Cognitive processing therapy or relapse prevention for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"17","author":"Simpson TL","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","article-title":"Psychological therapies for post\u2010traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder","volume":"4","author":"Roberts NP","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochr Database System Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.8268","article-title":"Concurrent naltrexone and prolonged exposure therapy for patients with comorbid alcohol dependence and PTSD: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"310","author":"Foa EB","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["The American Journal on Addictions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajad.70200","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ajad.70200","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajad.70200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:08:12Z","timestamp":1789542492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajad.70200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajad.70200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajad.70200","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-0496","1521-0391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-0496","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-0391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ajad.70200"}}