{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T14:35:40Z","timestamp":1758810940954,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pac J Clncl Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have increased overall survival (OS) in metastatic melanoma in all clinical trials to date. However, pivotal trial populations were not representative of the real\u2010world population in New Zealand. Real\u2010world treatment effectiveness studies help evaluate the value of public pharmaceutical expenditure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the survival outcomes of New Zealand patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a national retrospective cohort study. Patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic melanoma who received publicly funded immune\u2010checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) from 2017 to 2019 were included. Individual patient data were extracted from national administrative databases. The primary endpoint was OS, and secondary endpoints included OS by age, duration of treatment, posttreatment survival, and 30\u2010day mortality from last pharmaceutical claim.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred ninety\u2010seven patients were included, with a median follow\u2010up of 25 months. One\u2010year OS was 72%, the 2\u2010year OS estimate was 60%, and median OS not reached. Survival did not differ by dichotomized age (\u226570 vs. &lt;70 year old), hazard ratio (HR) .94 (95% confidence interval (CI): .72\u20131.22; <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic> .62). Median duration of treatment was 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.9\u201310.1). Median post\u2010treatment survival for the subgroup who had ceased treatment was 12.0 months (95% CI: 9.0\u201314.0). For the sample as a whole, the estimated 30\u2010day mortality from last pharmaceutical claim was 15.7%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>OS in our New Zealand real\u2010world population is comparable to pivotal clinical trials and real\u2010world data (RWD) from other countries. These findings support the achievement of health gains from use of ICI in advanced unresectable and metastatic melanoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.13801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T10:54:30Z","timestamp":1654858470000},"page":"179-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["New Zealand national retrospective cohort study of survival outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma receiving immune\u2010checkpoint inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1477-7390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Sufian","family":"Ab Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christchurch Medical Oncology Department  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Cancer CRI Centre  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8118-8954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Matthew","family":"Strother","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christchurch Medical Oncology Department  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Paddison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christchurch Medical Oncology Department  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Timaru Hospital South Canterbury District Health Board  Timaru New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Cancer: Historical Summary 1948\u20132015.Ministry of Health. 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