{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T09:19:06Z","timestamp":1768641546729,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pac J Clncl Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficiency and safety of combined local bladder hyperthermia and intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) for the treatment of patients with pT1 stage bladder cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 189 patients with pT1 who underwent transurethral resection of bladder cancer (TURBT) were retrospectively reviewed. After TURBT, the patients with low\u2010grade urothelial carcinoma (UC) were treated with either an IVC with pirarubicin (THP) protocol or chemo\u2010thermotherapy (CHT) with THP protocol, whereas patients with high\u2010grade UC were treated with either an intravesical immunotherapy (IVI) with bacillus Calmette\u2013Guerin (BCG) protocol or CHT protocol, patients\u2019 characteristics, tumor biological features, and follow\u2010up data were analyzed and compared between CHT and IVC group in low\u2010grade UC, CHT, and IVI group in high\u2010grade UC, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median follow\u2010up time was 24 months. In patients with low\u2010grade UC, the median recurrence free survival (RFS) interval and costs of treatment in CHT group were significantly higher than those in IVC group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, respectively), CHT was associated with higher RFS compared with IVC by Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis, and three patients in IVC group upgraded to high grade when tumor recurred, whereas no cases were found upgraded in CHT group, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.38. In patients with high\u2010grade UC, tumor recurrence rates at 12 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004) and 24 months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004) after TURBT, rate of complications (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04)\u2014especially for hematuresis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03) and irritation symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04)\u2014the median costs of treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) in CHT group were significantly lower than those in IVI group, RFS interval, health\u2010related quality of life) at 12 and 24 months after TURBT in CHT group was significantly higher than those in IVI group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, respectively), and CHT was associated with higher RFS compared with IVI by Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis. The rate of patients upstaged to pT2 in CHT group seemed lower than that in IVI group, but there was no significantly statistical difference (14.3% vs. 24%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.58).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CHT has a beneficial prophylactic effect in patients with pT1 bladder cancer, especially in patients with high\u2010grade UC, which is much more effective and safer than BCG, meanwhile it costs less compared with BCG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.13931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T14:09:20Z","timestamp":1674137360000},"page":"228-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Combination of hyperthermia and intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of pT1 stage bladder cancer: A retrospectively clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yudong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinchao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urological Department Western Beijing Cancer Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urological Department Western Beijing Cancer Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Mninistry of Education), Urological Department Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; 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