{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T05:19:14Z","timestamp":1783401554339,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pac J Clncl Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to better understand factors driving the rising burden and costs of primary liver cancer (PLC) in Australia, identify key epidemiological trends, and ascertain investment in PLC research, relative to its disease burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Funding statistics of the National Health and Medical Research Council and the Medical Research Future Fund were adapted from published reports. Grant\u2010related statistics are based on applications containing the relevant search terms for each cancer. Epidemiological data in Australia are based on cancer reports of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Cancer mortality data are based on those reported by the National Mortality Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to other common cancers, the incidence and mortality rates of PLC have increased in the past 10\u00a0years and are more evident among populations of lower socioeconomic status, Indigenous Australians, residents in remote areas, and culturally and linguistically diverse populations. In contrast to the downward trend in disability\u2010adjusted life years (DALYs) in other common cancers, PLC shows a significant increase in DALYs between 2015 and 2022; 23.3% of total DALYs loss occurred in those aged 40\u201359\u00a0years. The health, social, and economic impacts are disproportionally reflected in research investment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Australia, PLC is a significant health, social, and economic burden. Disparities between the burden of PLC and research investment reinforce the need for greater awareness and targeted investment. Collaborative efforts involving multiple stakeholders spanning policy, public health, implementation, and funded research are required to tackle the challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.70055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T08:56:08Z","timestamp":1763715368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Need and Research Investment for Liver Cancer in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Romario","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatema","family":"Safri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankur","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Genomics Program Garvan Institute of Medical Research  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of New South Wales  Kensington New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer Program, Burnet Institute The University of Melbourne and Monash University  Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart K.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Alfred Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Translational Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone I.","family":"Strasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amany","family":"Zekry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George and Sutherland Clinical Campus University of New South Wales  Kogarah New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"St George Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department St George Hospital  Kogarah New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Wigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Medicine Unit Southern Adelaide Local Health Unit  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon A.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School University of Western Australia  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital  Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Golo","family":"Ahlenstiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Blacktown and Mt Druitt Clinical School Western Sydney University  Blacktown New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Blacktown and Mount Druitt Hospital Western Sydney Local Health District  Blacktown New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Feletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Daffodil Centre The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Canfell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Daffodil Centre The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Institute of NSW  St Leonards New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00090-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"\u201cLiver Cancer in Australia Statistics \u201dCancer Australia published August 5 2020 https:\/\/www.canceraustralia.gov.au\/cancer\u2010types\/liver\u2010cancer\/statistics."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","article-title":"Correction: The Burden and Trend of Diseases and Their Risk Factors in Australia, 1990\u20102019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"8","author":"GBD 2019 Australia Collaborators","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"\u201cMedical Research Future Fund (MRFF) Grant Recipients \u201dAustralian Government Department of Health and Aged Care published June 2 2023 https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/resources\/publications\/medical\u2010research\u2010future\u2010fund\u2010mrff\u2010grant\u2010recipients?language=en."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09360-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2023.107064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Data in Australia: Cancer Rankings Data Visualisation \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published August 31 2023 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cancer\/cancer\u2010data\u2010in\u2010australia\/contents\/rankings."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"C.Lim \u201cLiver Cancer Control Roadmap \u201dHepSA Community News published December 20 2023 https:\/\/hepatitissa.asn.au\/communitynews\/2023\/12\/liver\u2010cancer\u2010control\u2010roadmap\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.52104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Data in Australia: Cancer Mortality by Age Visualisation \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cancer\/cancer\u2010data\u2010in\u2010australia\/contents\/cancer\u2010mortality\u2010by\u2010age\u2010visualisation."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-021-00486-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Data in Australia: Cancer Survival Data Visualisation \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cancer\/cancer\u2010data\u2010in\u2010australia\/contents\/survival."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare \u201cAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework. Data Visualisation: Measure 1.08 Cancer \u201dhttps:\/\/www.indigenoushpf.gov.au\/measures\/1\u201008\u2010cancer\/data#DataVisualisation."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50961"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/2394-5079.2018.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"\u201cSocio\u2010Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) Australia \u201dAustralian Bureau of Statistics published April 27 2023 https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/people\u2010and\u2010communities\/socio\u2010economic\u2010indexes\u2010areas\u2010seifa\u2010australia\/latest\u2010release."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"\u201cRemoteness Structure \u201dAustralian Bureau of Statistics published March 21 2023 https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/standards\/australian\u2010statistical\u2010geography\u2010standard\u2010asgs\u2010edition\u20103\/jul2021\u2010jun2026\/remoteness\u2010structure#:~:text=Remoteness%20Areas%20divide%20Australia%20into."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16809-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer in Australia 2021 \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cancer\/cancer\u2010in\u2010australia\u20102021\/summary."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Data in Australia: Cancer by State and Territory Data Visualisation \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cancer\/cancer\u2010data\u2010in\u2010australia\/contents\/state\u2010and\u2010territory."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2022.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748231204474"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44276-024-00044-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01038-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","unstructured":"\u201cHealth of Refugees and Humanitarian Entrants in Australia Leading Causes of Death \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published November 3 2023 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cald\u2010australians\/health\u2010of\u2010refugees\u2010and\u2010humanitarian\u2010entrants\/contents\/mortality\/leading\u2010causes\u2010of\u2010death."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","unstructured":"\u201cHealth of Refugees and Humanitarian Entrants in Australia Causes of Death in Humanitarian Entrants \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published November 3 2023 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/cald\u2010australians\/health\u2010of\u2010refugees\u2010and\u2010humanitarian\u2010entrants\/contents\/mortality\/causes\u2010of\u2010death\u2010in\u2010humanitarian\u2010entrants."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.2208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02622-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","unstructured":"\u201cAustralian Burden of Disease Study 2018: Interactive Data on Risk Factor Burden Alcohol Use \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published November 24 2021 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/burden\u2010of\u2010disease\/abds\u20102018\u2010interactive\u2010data\u2010risk\u2010factors\/contents\/alcohol\u2010use."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","unstructured":"\u201cAustralian Guidelines to Reduce Health Risks From Drinking Alcohol \u201dNHMRC https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/about\u2010us\/publications\/australian\u2010guidelines\u2010reduce\u2010health\u2010risks\u2010drinking\u2010alcohol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","unstructured":"J.MacLachlanandB.Cowie \u201cHepatitis B Prevalence and Epidemiology in Australia \u201dB Positive published June 30 2022 https:\/\/hepatitisb.org.au\/prevalence\u2010and\u2010epidemiology\u2010of\u2010hepatitis\u2010b\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-1349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.52124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13723"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","unstructured":"\u201cOverweight & Obesity Data \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published February 22 2018 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\u2010data\/behaviours\u2010risk\u2010factors\/overweight\u2010obesity\/data."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","unstructured":"\u201cAustralian Burden of Disease Study 2023 \u201dAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare published December 14 2023 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/burden\u2010of\u2010disease\/australian\u2010burden\u2010of\u2010disease\u2010study\u20102023\/contents\/summary2."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-015-0074-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","unstructured":"\u201cOutcomes of Funding Rounds \u201dNHMRC www.nhmrc.gov.au https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/funding\/data\u2010research\/outcomes."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","unstructured":"\u201cMedical Research Future Fund (MRFF) Grant Recipients \u201dAustralian Government Department of Health and Aged Care https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/resources\/publications\/medical\u2010research\u2010future\u2010fund\u2010mrff\u2010grant\u2010recipients?language=en."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.11.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","unstructured":"\u201cHepatocellular Carcinoma Clinical Guidelines \u201dCancer Council Australia https:\/\/www.cancer.org.au\/clinical\u2010guidelines\/liver\u2010cancer\/hepatocellular\u2010carcinoma."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","unstructured":"\u201cAustralian Cancer Plan \u201dCancer Australia published October 27 2021 https:\/\/www.canceraustralia.gov.au\/australian\u2010cancer\u2010plan."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","unstructured":"\u201cOur 2024\u201028 Strategy \u201dCancer Council NSW https:\/\/www.cancercouncil.com.au\/about\u2010us\/our\u2010strategy\/."}],"container-title":["Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajco.70055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T17:20:07Z","timestamp":1764609607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajco.70055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajco.70055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajco.70055","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-7555","1743-7563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-7555","type":"print"},{"value":"1743-7563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ajco.70055"}}