{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T23:29:43Z","timestamp":1785713383579,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]],"date-time":"2016-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pine tar is the end product of pine wood carbonisation following distillation using extreme heat. An extensive literature search was conducted back to the 1950s for this review. Pine tar has been used in medicine for more than 2000 years to treat a range of skin conditions because of its soothing and antiseptic properties. Pine tar should not be confused with coal tar, which has been produced from coal for approximately a hundred years. Pine tar is thought to exert its effect by reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> synthesis and mitotic activity, which promotes a return to normal keratinisation. In addition, pine tar has been shown to be antipruritic, anti\u2010inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal. These properties make pine tar suitable for the topical treatment of eczema, psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and other dry, itchy, flaky or inflamed skin conditions. Topical products available over\u2010the\u2010counter in Australia today contain up to 2.3% pine tar, and come in several different formulations that can be used on the entire body, including the face. Modern day pine tar is manufactured with increased purity to eliminate toxic phenol and carcinogenic components, which have been of concern in the past. Primary irritation is uncommon. In conclusion, the long experience with topical pine tar therapy and its worldwide usage, together with the evidence presented in this review, suggests that pine tar is an effective treatment with minimal safety risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T02:27:41Z","timestamp":1453343261000},"page":"80-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Topical pine tar: History, properties and use as a treatment for common skin conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Tanya M","family":"Barnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ego Pharmaceuticals Braeside Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerryn A","family":"Greive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ego Pharmaceuticals Braeside Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"444","article-title":"The antibacterial effect of qutran (wood tar) from olive trees on pathogenic bacteria","volume":"6","author":"Al\u2010Asmari A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Phytomed."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"400","article-title":"Basics of compounding with tars","volume":"17","author":"Allen LV","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Compd."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Topical treatment of psoriasis with tar","volume":"112","author":"Muller SA","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol. Suppl. (Stockh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-10-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis from pine tar","volume":"43","author":"Iorizzo M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1453","volume-title":"Martindale. The Complete Drug Reference","author":"Sweetman SC","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-00181-3","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Braun\u2010Falco O","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"AusonAB.Kiln burned pine tar 773 MSDS. [Internet] 2014[accessed 18 August 2015] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.pinetarworld.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/KILNBURNEPINETAR773.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2003-7.00051-0","volume-title":"Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug Therapy","author":"Hessel AB","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00885.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Cosmetic Dermatology","author":"Dawber R","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2000.00710.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"407","article-title":"The bacteriostatic activity of wood tar","volume":"41","author":"Veijola V","year":"1963","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Exp. Biol. Fenn."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.40.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00557981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000246189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"eMIMs.Pine Tar. [Internet] 2015 [accessed 18 August 2015]Available from URL:http:\/\/mims.com.au\/index.php\/products\/emims."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"1493","volume-title":"Textbook of Dermatology","author":"Rook A","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-6080(79)80018-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1980.tb00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(75)90046-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(82)90047-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639709160505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1981.01650080019020","article-title":"Skin cancer in patients with psoriasis treated with coal tar. A 25\u2010year follow\u2010up study","volume":"117","author":"Pittelkow MR","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02048.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"260","article-title":"Evidence that topical tar therapy does not cause increased malignancies in psoriatic patients","volume":"29","author":"Jones S","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scott. Med. J."},{"issue":"61","key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hand eczema and other hand dermatoses in south Sweden","volume":"49","author":"Agrup G","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1972.01620120023004","article-title":"Dermatitis from applied medicaments","volume":"106","author":"Bandman HJ","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Epidemiology of contact dermatitis","volume":"55","author":"Fregert S","year":"1969","journal-title":"Trans. St Johns Hosp. Dermatol. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1984.tb00021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1980.tb04927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1982.tb04134.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"156","article-title":"Epicutaneous patch test results in patients with allergic contact dermatitis in Karlovac country \u2013 a retrospective survey","volume":"14","author":"Kuljanac I","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol. Croat."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"The standard battery for photopatch tests in France. Prospective study by the French Society for Photodermatology","volume":"13","author":"Leonard F","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nouv. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2004.00305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01524.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1984.tb00992.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555562341343","article-title":"Patch testing with perfume mixture","volume":"62","author":"Veien NK","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1982.tb04261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Contact allergy to wool\u2010fat (lanolin). Its incidence in a dermatological in\u2010patient department","volume":"45","author":"Wereide K","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Cosmetic dermatitis to neomycin","volume":"4","author":"Fattorini I","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenereol. Croat."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.10.1241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734608322608"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03663.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(91)70175-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01412.x"},{"issue":"85","key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Contact allergy without skin disease","volume":"59","author":"Magnusson B","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol. Suppl. (Stockh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Pattern analysis of photopatch test reactions","volume":"10","author":"Neumann NJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1987.tb02670.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1988.tb02935.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Significance of positive patch tests to wood tars","volume":"60","author":"Andel P","year":"1974","journal-title":"Trans. St Johns Hosp. Dermatol. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1963.tb01672.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Formulation of pine tar antidandruff shampoo. Assessment and comparison with some commercial formulations","volume":"1","author":"Gharavi M","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Sch Pharm Tehran Univ."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.109831"}],"container-title":["Australasian Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fajd.12427","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fajd.12427","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ajd.12427","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T22:44:39Z","timestamp":1695509079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ajd.12427"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ajd.12427"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajd.12427","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-8380","1440-0960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-0960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-09-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-10-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}