{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:31:20Z","timestamp":1791955880693,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare primary cutaneous neuroendocrine tumour. While dermally invasive MCC is known to have a five\u2010year survival of only 30\u201040%, the prognosis and management of MCC in situ (MCCis) is not widely reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a systematic review to elucidate the prognosis and management of MCCis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a systematic review, searching three databases to 01 June 2021. Case reports, cohort studies, clinical trials and literature reviews were considered for inclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 26 cases of MCCis published in the literature with a median age of 74\u2009years and involving 19 males and 7 females. Most cases were on the face and neck (n\u2009=\u200917), followed by upper limb (n\u2009=\u20098) and lower limb (n\u2009=\u20091). Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed in three patients, and all were negative. One subject underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. No MCCis\u2010associated deaths were reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review suggests that MCCis has an excellent prognosis with minimal, if any, risk of mortality and a very low risk of dermal invasion and recurrence when treated with wide local excision alone. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is unlikely to be useful for MCCis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T09:01:10Z","timestamp":1638867670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Merkel cell carcinoma in situ: A systematic review of prognosis and management"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9596-4499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelvin","family":"Truong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7995-7301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone M","family":"Goldinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-054X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie R","family":"Howle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0106-8325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J","family":"Veness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4882-1564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Fernandez\u2010Pe\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7665-8015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander H R","family":"Varey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Westmead Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Melanoma Institute Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. 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