{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T13:50:29Z","timestamp":1774533029835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Post\u2010vaccination autoimmune phenomena are a major facet of the autoimmune\/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIA<\/jats:styled-content>) and different vaccines, including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>, have been identified as possible causes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical history of three young women who presented with secondary amenorrhea following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccination was collected. Data regarding type of vaccine, number of vaccination, personal, clinical and serological features, as well as response to treatments were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All three patients developed secondary amenorrhea following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccinations, which did not resolve upon treatment with hormone replacement therapies. In all three cases sexual development was normal and genetic screen revealed no pertinent abnormalities (i.e., <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>urner's syndrome, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>ragile <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">X<\/jats:styled-content> test were all negative). Serological evaluations showed low levels of estradiol and increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FSH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LH<\/jats:styled-content> and in two cases, specific auto\u2010antibodies were detected (antiovarian and anti thyroid), suggesting that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccine triggered an autoimmune response. Pelvic ultrasound did not reveal any abnormalities in any of the three cases. All three patients experienced a range of common non\u2010specific post\u2010vaccine symptoms including nausea, headache, sleep disturbances, arthralgia and a range of cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. According to these clinical features, a diagnosis of primary ovarian failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POF<\/jats:styled-content>) was determined which also fulfilled the required criteria for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIA<\/jats:styled-content> syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We documented here the evidence of the potential of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccine to trigger a life\u2010disabling autoimmune condition. The increasing number of similar reports of post <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccine\u2010linked autoimmunity and the uncertainty of long\u2010term clinical benefits of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> vaccination are a matter of public health that warrants further rigorous inquiry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T14:19:28Z","timestamp":1375280368000},"page":"309-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine and Primary Ovarian Failure: Another Facet of the Autoimmune\/Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Serena","family":"Colafrancesco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Rheumatology Unit 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