{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T04:10:04Z","timestamp":1775707804931,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,19]],"date-time":"2014-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"Problem<\/jats:title>T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 cells and F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> regulatory T<\/jats:styled-content> (T<\/jats:styled-content>reg) cells have been proposed as new risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL<\/jats:styled-content>). Intravenous immunoglobulin G<\/jats:styled-content> (IVIG<\/jats:styled-content>) was reported to modulate various immune cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of IVIG<\/jats:styled-content> on the levels of T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 and T<\/jats:styled-content>reg cells and pregnancy outcome in women with RPL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method of study<\/jats:title>Thirty\u2010seven pregnant women with RPL<\/jats:styled-content> were enrolled in this study. All had cellular immune abnormality in preconceptional evaluation. Blood was drawn on the day of IVIG<\/jats:styled-content> treatment and 1\u00a0week later from the study subjects during early pregnancy. The proportions of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017+<\/jats:sup> and F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cells were analyzed using flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Study population was divided into four groups (Q<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2013Q<\/jats:styled-content>4) based on ascending order of the levels of T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 and F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cells. IVIG<\/jats:styled-content> down\u2010regulated T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 cells in the highest quartile, Q<\/jats:styled-content>4 (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), and up\u2010regulated CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cells in Q<\/jats:styled-content>1 and Q<\/jats:styled-content>2 (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.025 and 0.029, respectively). In addition, T<\/jats:styled-content>h17\/CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cell ratio decreased in Q<\/jats:styled-content>4 (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.040). We also found a positive trend between successful pregnancy outcome and CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> cells before IVIG<\/jats:styled-content> treatment (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Intravenous immunoglobulin G<\/jats:styled-content> treatment modulated imbalance of T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 and F<\/jats:styled-content>oxp3+<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content>reg cells in pregnant RPL<\/jats:styled-content> women with cellular immune abnormality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,19]],"date-time":"2014-03-19T14:21:18Z","timestamp":1395238878000},"page":"441-450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Intravenous Immunoglobulin G<\/scp> Modulates Peripheral Blood T<\/scp>h17 and F<\/scp>oxp3+<\/sup> Regulatory T<\/scp> Cells in Pregnant Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Dong Jae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Ki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee Yun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baeg Ju","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Eun","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Millina","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Konyang University Seo\u2010gu Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Kwak\u2010Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science Vernon Hills IL USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL 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