{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:47:32Z","timestamp":1771656452712,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AI076670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AI076670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37CA51323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37CA51323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 RR024131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR024131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal<jats:italic>, in\u00a0vitro,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ex\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> studies have identified several cytokines involved in host immunity to genital <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT) infection. However, <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> cytokine responses are not well described. Our objectives were to document cervicovaginal cytokine levels and intrawoman cytokine changes during incident CT in a prospective cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From our prospective cohort, 62 women had incident CT, comprising a CT\u2010negative visit followed by a CT\u2010positive visit. At these visits, cytokine protein levels (IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, MIP\u20101\u03b1, RANTES, IFN\u2010\u03b3) were measured using cervicovaginal lavages and the MILLIPLEX<jats:sup>\u2122<\/jats:sup>\/Luminex<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> multiplex assay. Quartiles were defined for each cytokine from all 124 visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the group level, RANTES was higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) at the CT\u2010positive visit than at baseline, but the other cytokines did not significantly differ. For intrawoman cytokine changes, women with a cytokine level that increased at least one quartile higher (going from baseline to the CT\u2010positive visit) ranged between 26 and 53%. Women with a cytokine level staying in the same quartile ranged between 32 and 48%. Women with a cytokine level that decreased at least one quartile lower ranged between 15 and 37%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intrawoman cervicovaginal cytokine changes during incident CT appear heterogeneous and may reflect differences in natural host immunity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T10:03:00Z","timestamp":1432116180000},"page":"228-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Diversity of Cervicovaginal Cytokine Response to Incident <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i> Infection Among a Prospective Cohort of Young Women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Loris Y.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna\u2010Barbara","family":"Moscicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652395"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652400"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01029-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70035-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432070"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2006.0132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200010000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.2.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17354-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2008.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest.88.4.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28119"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Faji.12401","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.12401","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T21:02:41Z","timestamp":1696366961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.12401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.12401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.12401","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]]}}}