{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:21:44Z","timestamp":1791253304982,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD062007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD062007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neutrophil gelatinase\u2010associated lipocalin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content>) is expressed in neutrophils and involved in innate immunity by sequestering iron. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content>'s ability to complex with matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109) and extend its gelatinolytic activity led us to investigate its role in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>) and intra\u2010amniotic infection\/inflammation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assayed the amniotic fluid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>) levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 in 308 women that had a clinically indicated amniocentesis and a normal pregnancy outcome or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>. q<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> was employed to determine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content> m<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression of placental villous trophoblast and amniochorion. Immunohistochemistry was used for cellular localization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF NGAL<\/jats:styled-content> levels were gestational age\u2010regulated. Women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content> had significantly higher levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2022<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 complex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The amniochorion is a source of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGAL<\/jats:styled-content> and similarly to other inflammatory conditions, this protein may augment the collagenolytic effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 and modulate host\u2013microbe interactions in pregnancies complicated by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T04:46:03Z","timestamp":1464842763000},"page":"108-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Evidence for participation of neutrophil gelatinase\u2010associated lipocalin\/matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (<scp>NGAL<\/scp>\u2022<scp>MMP<\/scp>\u20109) complex in the inflammatory response to infection in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Kara M.","family":"Rood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology The Ohio State University College of Medicine  Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina A.","family":"Buhimschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital  Columbus OH USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The Ohio State University College of Medicine  Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Rodewald Millen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology The Ohio State University College of Medicine  Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mert O.","family":"Bahtiyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology &amp; Reproductive Sciences Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Thung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology The Ohio State University College of Medicine  Columbus OH 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