{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T11:38:05Z","timestamp":1774265885608,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between hepatitis B (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection in infertile couples seeking in vitro fertilization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>) treatment and infertility causes is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 831 infertile couples attending our unit seeking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content> during January to December 2015 were recruited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was found in 6.3% and 7.3% of female and male partners, respectively, and infection in one or both partners was associated with less primary infertility (44.2% vs 55.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.038). Infected female partners had increased tubal (69.2% vs 43.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001) and uterine (13.7% vs 3.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001) causes and reduced idiopathic infertility, while infected male partners were associated with increased tubal (62.3% vs 43.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.004) causes and reduced endometriosis (62.3% vs 73.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.050).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in either partner was associated with tubal infertility. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in either partner probably increases the risk of pelvic infection in female partner through impaired immune response to sexually transmitted infections, with consequent tubal damage and infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T05:36:50Z","timestamp":1485322610000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Hepatitis B virus infection status and infertility causes in couples seeking fertility treatment\u2014Indicator of impaired immune response?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Terence T.","family":"Lao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S. 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