{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:50:25Z","timestamp":1786668625955,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,3]],"date-time":"2018-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC 81671457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC 81671457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 axis modulates the polarization and efferocytosis of decidual macrophages (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>The phenotype characteristics of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s from both normal pregnant women and recurrent spontaneous abortion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content>) patients were determined by real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) and flow cytometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FCM<\/jats:styled-content>). Then, the efferocytosis and expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 and its receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s were analyzed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FCM<\/jats:styled-content>. Finally, the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2, a decoy receptor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 that inhibits the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 signaling pathway, on the polarization and efferocytosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s and human macrophage cell line U937 were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with normal pregnancy, dM\u03c6s from RSA patients presented a M1 phenotype with high secretion of IL\u201033, whereas the expression of ST2 decreased. However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content> patients possessed a more powerful efferocytosis ability to clear the apoptotic decidual stromal cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSC<\/jats:styled-content>s) compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s from normal pregnancy patients. Treatment with recombinant human <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sST<\/jats:styled-content>2 led to the up\u2010regulation of M1 bias and efferocytosis ability of both normal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s and U937.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study indicates that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 secreted by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s promotes M2 bias at the feto\u2010maternal interface, and as a result, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content> might attribute to the disturbance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 axis and the enhancement of efferocytosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dM<\/jats:styled-content>\u03c6s subsequently.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,3]],"date-time":"2018-03-03T07:08:40Z","timestamp":1520060920000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["<scp>IL<\/scp>\u201033\/<scp>ST<\/scp>2 axis affects the polarization and efferocytosis of decidual macrophages in early pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Yan\u2010Ran","family":"Sheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Ting","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fudan University  Shanghai 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