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Despite a possible link between bacteria and infertility, few studies attempted to characterize seminal microbiota in healthy and diseased subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods of the study<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high\u2010throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> gene was performed in a cohort of infertility\u2010related cases (N\u00a0=\u00a089) and controls (N\u00a0=\u00a029) using a pooled sample approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A global characterization of microbiota was obtained at low cost, without compromising the identification of bacterial taxa. This strategy allowed us to detect changes in the microbiota of infertility\u2010related phenotypes, such as an increment of Proteobacteria in seminal hyperviscosity, and to separate this later group from oligoasthenoteratozoospermia based in bacterial (family\/genus) abundances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide data for a likely contribution of bacteria into seminal hyperviscosity and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, partially correlated with an increment of <jats:italic>Neisseria<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> pathogens and a reduction in <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> probiotic agent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,3]],"date-time":"2018-03-03T07:08:41Z","timestamp":1520060921000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Characterization of microbiota in male infertility cases uncovers differences in seminal hyperviscosity and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia possibly correlated with increased prevalence of infectious bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Universidade do Porto (I3S)  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia I.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Universidade do Porto (I3S)  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)  Porto 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