{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T06:53:49Z","timestamp":1759042429975,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,19]],"date-time":"2018-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigens (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 haplotypes, two common polymorphisms associate with celiac disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>), in women with previous stillbirth, but not affected by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with history of unexplained term stillbirth referred to our Center for High\u2010Risk Pregnancies for a preconception counseling, and women with previous uncomplicated pregnancies, were enrolled as cases and controls. Celiac women were excluded from the study. Genetic tests for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 were performed, and patients\u2019 data were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The population included 56 women with a previous term stillbirth and 379 women with history of uncomplicated pregnancies. The prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2 or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 positivity was significantly higher in cases than in controls (50% vs 29.5%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0031). Women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 genotype have a significantly higher risk of stillbirth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.84 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.1840\u20106.817) and in case of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2 genotype the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> for stillbirth was even higher (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 4.46 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.408\u20108.270). In the stillbirth group, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> neonates were significantly more frequent in those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 haplotypes than in those resulted negative to genetic testing (85.7% vs 42 .8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In women with history of term stillbirth, a significantly higher prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 haplotypes has been found compared to women with previous uneventful pregnancies. In addition, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA DQ<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQ<\/jats:styled-content>8 positivity was significantly associated with suboptimal fetal growth in intrauterine fetal death cases, as shown by an increased prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content> babies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T07:19:16Z","timestamp":1534749556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Human leukocyte antigen <scp>DQ<\/scp>2\/<scp>DQ<\/scp>8 positivity in women with history of stillbirth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5929-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Cozzolino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Valenciano 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