{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T07:15:06Z","timestamp":1771485306874,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008376","name":"Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007417","name":"Paulon S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>The accuracy of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> antibody test in predicting tubal factor infertility (TFI) is limited, and more accurate methods are needed. Cell\u2010mediated immune response (CMI) is crucial in the resolution of pathogen, but it may play an important role in the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>C trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\u2010associated tubal damage. We studied whether combining the markers of <jats:italic>C trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced CMI to humoral immune response improves the accuracy of serology in TFI prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our prospective study consists of 258 subfertile women, of whom 22 (8.5%) had TFI. Women with other causes for subfertility served as a reference group. Serum <jats:italic>C trachomatis<\/jats:italic> major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and chlamydial heat\u2010shock protein 60 (cHSP60) IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA. CMI was studied by lymphocyte proliferation assay in vitro.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serological markers were more prevalent in women with TFI than in other subfertile women (40.9% vs 12.3% for MOMP IgG and 27.3% vs 10.2% for cHSP60 IgG). The best test combination for TFI was <jats:italic>C.\u00a0trachomatis<\/jats:italic> MOMP and cHSP60 antibody with an accuracy of 90.3%, sensitivity of 22.7% and specificity of 96.6%. Positive post\u2010test probability of this combination was 54.2%, and negative post\u2010test probability was 12.4%. Adding of the markers of CMI did not significantly improve the accuracy of serology in TFI prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The accuracy of TFI prediction increases when the combination of <jats:italic>C trachomatis<\/jats:italic> MOMP and cHSP60 antibody tests is used. <jats:italic>C trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced CMI was common in our study population, but the markers of CMI did not predict TFI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T23:21:00Z","timestamp":1538608860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Predicting tubal factor infertility by using markers of humoral and cell\u2010mediated immune response against <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0257-1256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiina","family":"Rantsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"\u00d6hman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirja","family":"Puolakkainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology and Immunology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aini","family":"Bloigu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorma","family":"Paavonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helj\u00e4\u2010Marja","family":"Surcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aila","family":"Tiitinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 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