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The CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell profile was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the endometrium of CE patients, there were significantly more Th1 cells among CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells and fewer Th2 cells in comparison to non\u2010CE patients. No marked difference was observed in Th17 cells or Foxp3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Treg cells. Moreover, the proportion of Th1 cells increased and the proportion of Th2 cells decreased as the number of CD138<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells increased. Furthermore, when the localization of CD138<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells was examined, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells were found to be clustered around CD138<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells in CE patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell profile in the endometrium is altered in women with CE. This finding may help to clarify the pathophysiology and development of treatment methods for CE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T08:46:54Z","timestamp":1604652414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Alteration in endometrial helper T\u2010cell subgroups in chronic endometritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Kitazawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science  Shiga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9840-4227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuminori","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science  Shiga 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