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Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC\u2010I) proteins are abnormally expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells from SCNT conceptuses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>MHC\u2010I homozygous compatible (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09), homozygous incompatible (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a08), and heterozygous incompatible (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05) pregnancies were established by SCNT. Eight control pregnancies were established by artificial insemination. Uterine and trophoblast samples were collected on day 35 \u00b11 of pregnancy, the expression of immune\u2010related genes was examined by qPCR, and the expression of trophoblast microRNAs was assessed by sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to the control group, trophoblast from MHC\u2010I heterozygous incompatible pregnancies expressed increased levels of <jats:italic>CD28<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CXCL8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL12B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TBX21<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic>, while <jats:italic>GNLY<\/jats:italic> expression was downregulated. The MHC\u2010I homozygous incompatible treatment group expressed increased levels of <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1A<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL2<\/jats:italic> while the MHC\u2010I homozygous compatible group did not differentially express any genes compared to the control group. In the endometrium, relative to the control group, MHC\u2010I heterozygous incompatible pregnancies expressed increased levels of <jats:italic>CD28<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CXCL8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL12B<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic>, while <jats:italic>GATA3<\/jats:italic> expression was downregulated. The MHC\u2010I homozygous incompatible group expressed decreased amounts of <jats:italic>CSF2<\/jats:italic> transcripts compared with the control group but did not have abnormal expression of any other immune\u2010related genes. MHC\u2010I incompatible pregnancies had 40 deregulated miRNAs compared to control pregnancies and 62 deregulated microRNAs compared to MHC\u2010I compatible pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MHC\u2010I compatibility between the dam and fetus prevented an exacerbated maternal immune response from being mounted against fetal antigens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,2]],"date-time":"2022-01-02T05:19:46Z","timestamp":1641100786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Increased expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines at the fetal\u2013maternal interface in bovine pregnancies produced by cloning"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2807-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heloisa M.","family":"Rutigliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janae J.","family":"Umbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Sessions","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Kaundal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Plants, Soils and Climate Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Duhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated BioSystems Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Plants, Soils and Climate Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brady A.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J.R. 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