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In this context, we aimed to compare the expression of interleukin 10 (<jats:italic>Il10<\/jats:italic>), homeobox A10 (<jats:italic>Hoxa10<\/jats:italic>), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (<jats:italic>Stat3<\/jats:italic>), and \u03b23\u2010integrin (<jats:italic>Itgb3<\/jats:italic>) in the embryo implantation site of a prenatally\u2010androgenized rat model of PCOS before and during gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PCOS rat model was created by the injection of testosterone prenatally. The uterine tissues were collected before pregnancy (day 0) and on days 0.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 8.5 of gestation in the PCOS rat model and controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06; each group). RNA was extracted from the uterine samples and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Expression levels of <jats:italic>Il10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Stat3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Hoxa10<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Itgb3<\/jats:italic> were measured using SYBR Green real\u2010time RT\u2010PCR and compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>PCOS rats showed decreased expression levels of the <jats:italic>Il10<\/jats:italic> on day 8.5 compared to control rats. The mRNA levels of <jats:italic>Hoxa10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Itgb3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Stat3<\/jats:italic> were significantly decreased in the PCOS group on day 0 as well as on days 0.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 8.5 for <jats:italic>Hoxa10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Itgb3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Stat3<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The decreased gene expression of <jats:italic>Il10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Hoxa10<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Stat3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Itgb3<\/jats:italic> in the PCOS rat model indicates the importance of the <jats:italic>Il10<\/jats:italic> signaling axis as one of the possible disrupted mechanisms of endometrial receptivity in PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T06:28:08Z","timestamp":1681712888000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reduced expression of <i>Il10<\/i>, <i>Stat3<\/i>, <i>Hoxa10<\/i>, and <i>Itgb3<\/i> in the embryo implantation site of rat model with prenatal androgen\u2010induced polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Changaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moslem","family":"Javidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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