{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T20:30:41Z","timestamp":1778877041141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HS08358\u201005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HS08358\u201005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI067661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI067661"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21AI140178\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21AI140178\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interferon\u2010epsilon (IFN\u03b5) is the only type I IFN constitutively expressed in the female reproductive tract and fluctuates across the menstrual cycle in humans. Mouse models show that IFN\u03b5 protects against <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, Herpes Simplex Virus, HIV, and Zika in mice, but human studies are limited. Bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STI) can ascend to the upper genital tract and cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and subsequent infertility. However, the host immunological mechanisms that play a role in the ascension and infection of the endometrium in individuals with clinically suspected PID are not elucidated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>This pilot investigation determined if IFN\u03b5 gene variants are associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and endometrial infection with <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> using biospecimens from 154 self\u2010report Black individuals who participated in the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health (PEACH) study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The T allele for rs2039381 was associated with endometrial STI infection (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.0\u20107.1) and the C allele for rs1125488 was inversely associated with BV (OR: .2, 95% CI: .05\u2010.8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies have examined IFN\u03b5 gene variants, our study raises the possibility that IFN\u03b5 gene variants may be a potential host contributor to STI pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T04:12:03Z","timestamp":1689826323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Functional interferon\u2010epsilon gene polymorphisms and sexually transmitted infections of the endometrium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Brandie DePaoli","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Basic Science and Translational Research University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Criscitiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&amp;M University College Station Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology College of Medicine Texas A&amp;M University College Station Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuller W.","family":"Bazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Texas A&amp;M University College Station Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren S.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Basic Science and Translational Research University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston Texas 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