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Platelets are mediators of hemostasis and can modulate inflammation through interactions with leukocytes. TREM like Transcript 1 (TLT\u20101) is a type 1 single Ig domain receptor on activated platelets. In adults, it plays a protective role by dampening the inflammatory response and facilitating platelet aggregation at sites of vascular injury. TLT\u20101 is expressed in human placenta and found in cord blood. We thus hypothesized that TLT\u20101 deficiency is associated with prematurity and fetal inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test this hypothesis, we examined cord blood levels of soluble TLT\u20101 (sTLT) in premature and term infants and compared the inflammatory response in C57BL\/6 (WT) and TLT\u20101<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>treml1<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>, KO) mice given intraperitoneal LPS mid\u2010gestation<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The preterm infant cord blood level of sTLT was significantly lower than that found at term. On exposure to LPS, histology of KO (as compared to WT) placenta and decidua showed increased hemorrhage, and KO decidual RNA expression of IL\u201010 was significantly lower. KO fetal interface tissues (placenta, membranes, amniotic fluid) over time showed increased expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL\u20106, IFN\u2010\u03b3,\u00a0and TNF, but not MCP\u20101. However, fetal organs showed similar levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a potential association between insufficient TLT\u20101 expression and increased fetal inflammatory responses in the setting of prematurity. The data support further study of TLT\u20101 in the mechanistic link between bleeding, inflammation and preterm birth, and perhaps as a biomarker in human pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T04:21:25Z","timestamp":1693801285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decreased level of TREM like Transcript 1 (TLT\u20101) is associated with prematurity and promotes the in\u2010utero inflammatory response to maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9825-4116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola E.","family":"Pe\u00f1a\u2010Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico\u2010Rio Pieadras  San Juan Puerto Rico USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics 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