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Endometrial IL\u201015 mRNA expression was studied by quantitative reverse transcription\u2010PCR. The GSE58144 dataset was used to validate the correlation results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found decreased proportions of stage 4 CD56+CD16\u2010CD94+ uNK cells (median: 9.56% vs. 17.78%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> .014) and increased proportions of stage 6 CD56+CD16+CD57+ uNK cells (median: 1.54% vs. 0.74%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .020) in the mid\u2010luteal endometrium of women with RIF compared to fertile women. We also found that there was no quantitative correlation between uNK cells and the corresponding pbNK cell subpopulations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; .05). In addition, IL\u201015 mRNA levels in the mid\u2010luteal endometrium were positively correlated with the proportion of CD56+ uNK cells (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .392, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .008), especially with stage 4 uNK cell populations (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .408, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .005).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We showed that the proportion of stage 4 uNK cells decreased in the RIF group compared to controls, and the decrease in stage 4 uNK cells correlated positively with low IL\u201015 mRNA expression. We suggest that the reduced stage 4 uNK cells in women with RIF are associated with IL\u201015 deficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T06:39:10Z","timestamp":1698993550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Decreased CD56+CD16\u2010CD94+uNK cells in the mid\u2010luteal phase in women with recurrent implantation failure are associated with IL\u201015 deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5767-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin\u2010Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei China"},{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical 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