{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:00:18Z","timestamp":1776510018802,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reproductive performance of animals gets affected by nutritional restrictions which act as potential stressors leading to hormonal imbalance and testicular inflammation, the major causes of infertility. <jats:italic>Withania somnifera<\/jats:italic> (WS), well\u2010known traditional medicinal plant, has been used as antistress and infertility treatment. Therefore, the present study looks into the ameliorative effects of WS on the reproductive and immune system of male <jats:italic>Coturnix coturnix japonica<\/jats:italic> in stressed conditions like water and food restriction focussing on the modulation in estrogen receptor alpha (ER\u03b1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biochemical estimations for oxidative stress, histological alterations, immuno\u2010fluorescent localization of ER\u03b1, interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20104, and interferon gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3) in testicular cells were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutritional restriction declines endogenous estradiol, ER\u03b1 in testicular cells while it elevates corticosterone leading to oxidative stress in testis thereby reducing fertility by decrease in sperm. Results indicate significant reversal in all the parameters after the administration of WS by improving testicular cell morphology, increased superoxide and catalase activity thus reducing oxidative stress. WS increases spermatogenesis and enhances expression of ER\u03b1 in testicular cells in quail. Further, WS increases IL\u20104, decreases IL\u20101\u03b2 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 expression in testis, thereby improving immune profile contrary to stressed conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>WS stimulates HPG\u2010axis even after stress resulting in increased endogenous estradiol which stimulates the expression of ER\u03b1 in testis; increases sperm count and immunity thereby improving the reproductive performance. WS may be the best therapy against nutritional\u2010restriction stress induced reproductive toxicity by reducing oxidative stress mediated inflammatory response via increased testicular expression of ER\u03b1 in quail.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T05:39:53Z","timestamp":1706593193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Dietary restriction\u2010induced alterations on estrogen receptor alpha expression in regulating fertility in male <i>Coturnix coturnix japonica<\/i>: Relevance of <i>Withania somnifera<\/i> in modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress in testis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Kalpana","family":"Baghel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University)  Sagar Madhya Pradesh 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