{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T11:46:36Z","timestamp":1793015196649,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common mucosal fungal infection, and <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> is the main causative agent. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in VVC, but the underlying mechanism is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vaginal epithelial cells were divided into three groups: control, <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> strain SC5314 (wild\u2010type, WT), and WT+ Matt Cooper Compound 950 (MCC950, a specific NLRP3 inhibitor). After human vaginal epithelial cells were pretreated with 1 \u00b5mol\/L MCC950 for 2 h, <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> (MOI = 1) was cocultured with the human vaginal epithelial cells for 12 h. The cell supernatants were collected, LDH was detected, and the IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u201018 levels were determined by ELISA. The expression of the pyroptosis\u2010related proteins NLRP3, Caspase\u20101 p20 and GSDMD was measured by Western blotting analysis. The protein expression of the pyroptosis\u2010related N\u2010terminus of GSDMD (GSDMD\u2010N) was detected by immunofluorescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we showed that the WT <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> strain induced pyroptosis in vaginal epithelial cells, as indicated by the LDH and proinflammatory cytokine levels and the upregulated levels of the pyroptosis\u2010related proteins NLRP3, Caspase\u20101 p20, and GSDMD\u2010N. MCC950 reversed the changes in the expression of these proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in vaginal epithelial cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> activated the NLRP3 inflammasome to induce vaginal epithelial cell pyroptosis. MCC950 inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome, reduced vaginal epithelial cell pyroptosis, and decreased the release of inflammatory cytokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T11:47:29Z","timestamp":1720007249000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mechanism of Vaginal Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis Induced by the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8432-6433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongmei","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sainan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingkun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijia","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University  Kunming Yunnan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30103-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.104802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2020.0139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.692491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00182-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15577"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)01936-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-08482-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0326-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12051052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2600-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2014.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17649-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-023-00795-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.108595"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12449"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132612"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6010027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.5.2939-2946.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01417-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.544480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057231223716","article-title":"Maintaining Vulvar, Vaginal and Perineal Health: Clinical Considerations","volume":"20","author":"Graziottin A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15698\/mic2023.04.795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01377-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15140"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","first-page":"5676","article-title":"The Interplay Between Immune System and Microbiota in Gynecological Diseases: A Narrative Review","volume":"24","author":"Villa P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032995"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.13893","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T03:36:26Z","timestamp":1722310586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.13893"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.13893"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.13893","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13893"}}