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IL\u201017A can be dysregulated in fertility complications, including pre\u2010eclampsia, endometriosis and miscarriage. Because mammalian subclasses (eutherian, metatherian, and prototherian) have different related reproductive strategies, IL\u201017 genes and proteins were investigated in the three mammalian classes to explore their involvement in female fertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gene and protein sequences for IL\u201017s are found in eutherian, metatherian and prototherian mammals. Through synteny and multiple sequence protein alignment, the relationships among mammalian IL\u201017s were inferred. Publicly available datasets of early pregnancy stages and female fertility in therian mammals were collected and analysed to retrieve information on IL\u201017 expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synteny mapping and phylogenetic analyses allowed the classification of mammalian IL\u201017 family orthologs of human IL\u201017. Despite differences in their primary amino acid sequence, metatherian and prototherian IL\u201017s share the same tertiary structure as human IL\u201017s, suggesting similar functions. The analysis of available datasets for female fertility in therian mammals shows up\u2010regulation of IL\u201017A and IL\u201017D during placentation. IL\u201017B and IL\u201017D are also found to be over\u2010expressed in human fertility complication datasets, such as endometriosis or recurrent implantation failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The conservation of the IL\u201017 gene and protein across mammals suggests similar functions in all the analysed species. Despite significant differences, the upregulation of IL\u201017 expression is associated with the establishment of pregnancy in eutherian and metatherian mammals. The dysregulation of IL\u201017s in human reproductive disorders suggests them as a potential therapeutic target.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T11:00:18Z","timestamp":1724410818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evolutionary Analysis of the Mammalian IL\u201017 Cytokine Family Suggests Conserved Roles in Female Fertility"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3666-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Giangrazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafne","family":"Buffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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