{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:25:21Z","timestamp":1789986321864,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515010650"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515010650"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A1515011675"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515011675"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endometrial immune cells are essential for maintaining homeostasis and the endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation. Understanding regional variations in endometrial immune cell populations is crucial for comprehending normal endometrial function and the pathophysiology of endometrial disorders. Despite previous studies focusing on the overall immune cell composition and function in the endometrium, regional variations in premenopausal women remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endometrial biopsies were obtained from four regions (anterior, posterior, left lateral, and right lateral) of premenopausal women undergoing hysteroscopy with no abnormalities. A 15\u2010color human endometrial immune cell\u2010focused flow cytometry panel was used for analysis. High\u2010dimensional flow cytometry combined with a clustering algorithm was employed to unravel the complexity of endometrial immune cells. Additionally, multiplex immunofluorescent was performed for further validation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings revealed no significant variation in the distribution and abundance of immune cells across different regions under normal conditions during the proliferative phase. Each region harbored similar immune cell subtypes, indicating a consistent immune microenvironment. However, when comparing normal regions to areas with focal hemorrhage, significant differences were observed. An increase in CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells highlights the impact of localized abnormalities on the immune microenvironment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrates that the endometrial immune cell landscape is consistent across different anatomical regions during the proliferative phase in premenopausal women. This finding has important implications for understanding normal endometrial function and the pathophysiology of endometrial disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T13:47:03Z","timestamp":1725371223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Regional Analysis of the Immune Microenvironment in Human Endometrium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Lingtao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songchen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine School of Medicine Xiamen University  Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3862-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6264-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine School of Medicine Xiamen University  Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingqian","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1159-9261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianghui","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital)  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri\u2010implantation  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201100099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.201507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.250.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(91)90360-H"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"966","article-title":"Topographical Distribution of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in the Endometrium at Anterior and Posterior Uterine Walls","volume":"4","author":"Amer M. I. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2022.103654"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706546114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900662R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2498"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008601"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00972-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300958"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1452"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0698-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2015.15.1.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.052654"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-015-2315-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-061020-053707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-10-3063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3865"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00813.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1040-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2115912119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2020.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)33500-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-019-0166-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.9.2386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.700755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2023.102497"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaac023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/5582151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81380-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1225639"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385493-3.00010-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.694"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3160"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032712-100003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abb7800"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmz018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2016.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2001.01199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.6.3017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02692"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-022-00973-8"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.13921","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T16:07:58Z","timestamp":1727280478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.13921"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.13921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.13921","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13921"}}