{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:22:10Z","timestamp":1782127330258,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluates the association of novel inflammatory markers and Doppler parameters in late\u2010onset FGR (fetal growth restriction), utilizing a machine\u2010learning approach to enhance predictive accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case\u2013control study was conducted at the Department of Perinatology, Ministry of Health Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, from 2023 to 2024. The study included 240 patients between 32 and 37 weeks of gestation, divided equally between patients diagnosed with late\u2010onset FGR and a control group. We focused on novel inflammatory markers\u2014systemic immune\u2010inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and neutrophil\u2010percentage\u2010to\u2010albumin ratio (NPAR)\u2014and their correlation with Doppler parameters of umbilical and uterine arteries. Machine\u2010learning algorithms were employed to analyze the data collected, including demographic, neonatal, and clinical parameters, to develop a predictive model for FGR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The machine\u2010learning model, specifically the Random Forest algorithm, effectively integrated the inflammatory markers with Doppler parameters to predict FGR. NPAR showed a significant correlation with FGR presence, providing a robust tool in the predictive model (Accuracy 77%, area under the curve [AUC] 0.851). In contrast, SII and SIRI, while useful, did not achieve the same level of predictive accuracy (Accuracy 75% AUC 0.818 and Accuracy 73% AUC 0.793, respectively). The model highlighted the potential of combining ultrasound measurements with inflammatory markers to improve diagnostic accuracy for late\u2010onset FGR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study illustrates the efficacy of integrating machines with traditional diagnostic methods to enhance the prediction of late\u2010onset FGR. Further research with a larger cohort is recommended to validate these findings and refine the predictive model, which could lead to improved clinical outcomes for affected pregnancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06372938<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T05:47:21Z","timestamp":1729230441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of Inflammatory Markers and Doppler Parameters in Late\u2010Onset Fetal Growth Restriction: A Machine\u2010Learning Approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7931-5172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can Ozan","family":"Ulusoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8402-5675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Kurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3924-3723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Seyhanli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6060-1761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burak","family":"Hizli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-8727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mevlut","family":"Bucak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6570-1006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Recep Taha","family":"Agaoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6019-6429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y\u00fcksel","family":"Oguz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3182-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kadriye Yakut","family":"Yucel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Ankara Etlik City Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004251"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/135100008X259097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2016.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104739"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11236982"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1173718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S328882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03316-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00430-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-019-9297-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"2248","article-title":"The Behaviour of the Peripheral Natural Killer Cells in the Foetal Growth Restriction","volume":"18","author":"Vesce F.","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1582397"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"533","article-title":"An Immunologic Basis for Placental Insufficiency in Fetal Growth Restriction","volume":"29","author":"Greer L. G.","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-024-07453-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/ajh.2023.36844"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2023.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01688-3"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.70004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T09:04:40Z","timestamp":1730019880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.70004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.70004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.70004","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4864163\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70004"}}