{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T09:42:29Z","timestamp":1763545349963,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but it was not well understood. We aimed to investigate the biomarkers and underlying mechanisms of OS\u2010related genes in GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of Study<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GSE103552 and GSE70493 datasets of GDM were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, oxidative stress\u2010related differentially expressed genes (OSDEGs) were screened between GDM and normal samples from these two datasets. Further analyses were conducted by gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for these OSDEGs. Subsequently, protein\u2010protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of these OSDEGs were carried out to screen the hub genes. Eventually, we used single\u2010sample Gene\u2010set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to compare the immune cell infiltration between GDM and normal samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 26 OSDEGs. Enrichment analysis suggested that the OSDEGs enriched in OS and diabetes\u2010related pathways. GSEA revealed that these OSDEGs enriched in sensory perception of taste and negative regulation of notch4 signaling pathways. Moreover, PPI analysis showed that 15 OSDEGs were the hub gene in GDM. A total of 14 hub genes were highly expressed in GDM and might be used as diagnosis biomarkers. Moreover, many potential agents might target 10 hub genes for GDM treatment. In addition, immune infiltrate analyses revealed that expression of 14 hub genes was positively correlated to immune infiltrates in GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>OSDEGs are significant in GDM and may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and treatment targets for GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T07:10:40Z","timestamp":1738134640000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Integrative Analyses of Biomarkers and Pathways in Oxidative Stress\u2010Related Genes for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Yunyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of gynecology and obstetrics Deqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Deqing County Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuchu","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University Huzhou Central Hospital  Huzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine Research and Translation for Infectious Diseases  Huzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7290-2626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of gynecology and obstetrics Huzhou Maternity &amp; Child Health Care Hospital  Huzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00865-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1674S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2015.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026620666201022151059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-013-0045-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-005-0024-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-002-0319-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3765"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.11.1497"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diabetes, Oxidative Stress and Physical Exercise","volume":"1","author":"Atalay M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science & Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4699-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-015-0116-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku1179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky311"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw965"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2019.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181ec173d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.607622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-016-0607-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160613442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158572"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2021.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03902-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202201611R"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2022.68.12.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2022.0125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3600"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2023.2189969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1334-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.08.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202002072RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1114620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-015-0435-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-10-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-019-01798-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2014.03.010"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","first-page":"4491","article-title":"Renal Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of GDM Is Prevented by metformin Through MAPKs","volume":"19","author":"Liu Z.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecular Medicine Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7019597"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/jtgga.galenos.2020.2020.0051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2018.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2206923119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.5.1222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-13-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2022.102435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15536"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01273.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2016.1163685"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.12.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59020309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.774696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530323666221220141716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2021.1979051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20203520"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aji.70052","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T15:53:26Z","timestamp":1743609206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aji.70052"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aji.70052"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.70052","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1046-7408"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1600-0897"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70052"}}