{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:22:46Z","timestamp":1753878166916,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin A on histological abnormalities, loss of ovarian reserve, and angiogenesis within the ovarian torsion\u2013detorsion paradigm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 45 female Wistar albino rats were used for the study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09 in each group): Control, Torsion, Torsion\u00a0+\u00a0Detorsion, Torsion\u00a0+\u00a0Detorsion\u00a0+\u00a0Botulinum toxin, and Botulinum toxin only. Follicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression scores were compared histopathologically between the groups. Follicle numbers were compared. Anti\u2010mullerian hormone levels were measured before and after torsion, detorsion, and treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Follicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammation, and VEGF expression differed significantly between groups for each score (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). The VEGF expression score was found to increase more in the torsion\u00a0+\u00a0detorsion\u00a0+\u00a0botulinum toxin group than in the torsion\u00a0+\u00a0detorsion group (2.67\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.71 and 2.22\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.67, respectively). There was a significant difference between the groups in secondary follicle counts (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04). The groups showed statistically significant differences in their anti\u2010mullerian hormone levels (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This initial investigation of the effects of botulinum toxin on ovarian torsion (OT) has shown that botulinum toxin type A has the potential to be a useful adjunct treatment for fertility preservation. Our results proved the ovarian protective effect of botulinum toxin type A in rats with OT. Therefore, botulinum toxin type A may be a potential preventive agent against ovarian damage caused by torsion in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T05:09:52Z","timestamp":1739164192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of the Potential Treatment Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Ovarian Torsion: Findings From the Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4200-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c7a\u011flayan","family":"Ate\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Training and Research Hospital  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Sar\u0131kaya State Hospital  Yozgat 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