{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T09:25:14Z","timestamp":1782984314936,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to compare maternal and cord serum X box binding protein 1 (XBP\u20101) levels in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction (FGR) with healthy pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective case\u2010control study was conducted between January 1, 2022, and May 31, 2022, at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Sel\u00e7uk University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. Forty\u2010three pregnant women and fetuses with isolated FGR with abdominal circumference (AC) or estimated fetal weight (EFW) below the 10th percentile according to ultrasonographic measurements constituted the study group; 43 healthy pregnant women and fetuses constituted the control group. Serum XBP\u20101 levels in prenatal maternal and cord blood were measured by ELISA and compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean maternal blood XBP\u20101 level was 1910.22\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0607.07\u00a0ng\/L in the FGR group and 1638.89\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0385.80\u00a0ng\/L in the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.044). Cord blood XBP\u20101 levels were 1837.72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0942.67 and 1346.14\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0664.09\u00a0ng\/L in the study and control groups, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006). Maternal XBP\u20101 levels were found to discriminate FGR with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 60% at a value of 1405\u00a0ng\/L. For cord blood XBP\u20101, 869.2\u00a0ng\/L was the best cut\u2010off, with 98% sensitivity and 67% specificity. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve was found to be 0.626 and 0.671, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> values were found to be 0.044 and 0.006 for maternal serum XBP\u20101 and cord blood XBP\u20101, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study, serum XBP\u20101 levels in both maternal and fetal umbilical cord blood were found to be higher in patients with FGR. Considering the role of XBP\u20101 in metabolic pathways and cellular functions, XBP\u20101 may have an important role in the pathophysiology of FGR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T18:39:44Z","timestamp":1746729584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of Maternal and Fetal Plasma X Box Binding Protein 1 Levels Between Pregnancies With Fetal Growth Retardation and Healthy Controls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8373-7213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sena","family":"\u00dcnl\u00fc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9632-5093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nizamettin","family":"Bozbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8091-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fikret","family":"Aky\u00fcrek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0578-4230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6kcen","family":"\u00d6rg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6165-5092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c7etin","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecologic Oncology Sel\u00e7uk University Faculty of Medicine  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"StatPearls Treasure","author":"Chew L. 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